Statistical urban plume analysis using observations and air mass modelling at a rural station in the northern Spanish pl
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Statistical urban plume analysis using observations and air mass modelling at a rural station in the northern Spanish plateau Beatriz Fernández-Duque 1 & Isidro A. Pérez 1 & M. Ángeles García 1 & Nuria Pardo 1 & M. Luisa Sánchez 1 Received: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The influence of urban plumes on the final measurements recorded at rural stations is an issue which has rarely been touched upon in great detail. A better knowledge of local and regional sources of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 evolution over time and space provides policy-makers with the right awareness when acting to improve air quality. Assessing the links between air pollutant mixing ratios and wind direction data can help to identify possible sources. Using the Lagrangian METEX model, the current paper’s main motivation is to identify the impact of the Valladolid urban plume on the final CO2 and CH4 high-precision measurements recorded with a Picarro analyser at a rural station in the upper Spanish plateau (CIB station). The current paper is based on a statistical approach in which multiyear CO2 and CH4 observations are interpreted by means of different statistics and distribution functions. Higher values were detected for both CO2 and CH4 in southern sectors, showing the effect which the Valladolid plume has on final CO2 and CH4 measurements. In addition, six different distribution functions were applied to the dataset and provided satisfactory contrasts with experimental values obtained using Pearson correlation and r critical values. Results indicate that CO2 and CH4 data fitted the Gamma, the Gumbel, and the Lognormal distributions best. Keywords Air mass modelling . CO2 . CH4 . METEX model . Distribution functions . Back trajectories
Introduction CO2 and CH4 evolution is a matter of concern since these are the two most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases, jointly contributing 81% to positive anthropogenic radiative forcing (Bamberger et al. 2017), which favours global warming. CO2 and CH4 mixing ratio values have increased substantially as a result of the booming economy. Hence, environmental quality demands urgent and ongoing improvement, with pollution source information proving essential vis-à-vis preparing air quality abatement strategies (Bang et al. 2018). This has led to the need for a comprehensive CO2 and CH4 atmospheric monitoring network aimed at acquiring a scientific understanding of regional distribution Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00889-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Beatriz Fernández-Duque [email protected] 1
Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
processes for these gases. Extensive measuring campaigns have been conducted in recent years in an effort to gain insights into CO2 cycles and their evolution in urban environments, which are the major sources (Pata
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