Strength Training Modulates Prostate of Wistar Rats Submitted to High-Fat Diet
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GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Strength Training Modulates Prostate of Wistar Rats Submitted to High-Fat Diet Allice Santos Cruz Veras 1 & Marcelo Conrado de Freitas 1 & Hayley Hope Allyssa Thorpe 4 & Patrícia Monteiro Seraphim 3 & Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira 1,2 Received: 4 March 2020 / Revised: 4 March 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 # Society for Reproductive Investigation 2020
Abstract Our aim is to evaluate the effects of high-fat diet and strength training on ventral prostate health through investigations of rat prostate histology, endocrine modulation, and the expression of proliferative and apoptotic marker, including androgen receptors (AR), glucocorticoid receptors (GR), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX), Fas cell surface death receptor (Fas/CD95/Apo-1), and Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB). Eighty Wistar rats were into one of four subgroups: control (CT), strength training (ST), high-fat diet consumption (HF), and high-fat diet consumption with strength training (HFT). Animals then underwent strength training and/or high-fat diet consumption for 8 or 12 weeks, after which animals were euthanized and markers of prostatic health were evaluated histologically and through immunolabeling. Our results indicate that physical strength training reduced the expression of the prostate cell proliferation marker Bcl-2 while increasing expression of the pro-apoptotic marker BAX, as well as increasing expression of AR and GR relevant in the Bcl-2 pathway. We conclude that a high-fat diet can alter hormone receptor levels and cell-cycle protein expression, thereby modifying prostatic homeostasis, and that strength training was able to reduce prostate damage induced by high-fat diet consumption. Keywords Apoptosis pathway . Physical exercise . Prostate health . Inflammation
Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men over the age of 50. It is estimated that there are approximately 1.3 million new diagnoses of PCa each year, with 65,540 new cases and 15,391 deaths attributed to PCa in Brazil, making the diseases the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in men [1].
* Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira [email protected] 1
Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
2
Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, State University of São Paulo UNESP, Presidente Prudente Campus, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, São Paulo, SP 19060-900, Brazil
3
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, UNESP, Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
Lifestyle factors such as diet and daily activity play a significant role in the development and aggression of clinically relevant PCa. Obesity is among the most common and costly chronic disorders worldwide [2] and is defined as a d
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