Structure and Magnetic Properties of Nd 0.88 MnO 3 Films Grown on SrTiO 3 (100) Substrates by Liquid-Injection MOCVD
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08350-0 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
Structure and Magnetic Properties of Nd0.88MnO3 Films Grown on SrTiO3 (100) Substrates by Liquid-Injection MOCVD NEJIB IHZAZ
,1,2,4 MICHEL BOUDARD,3 and MOHAMED OUMEZZINE1
1.—Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Mate´riaux, De´partement de Physique, Faculte´ des Sciences de Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia. 2.—Institut Supe´rieur des Sciences Applique´es et de Technologie de Gabe`s, Rue Amor Ben El Khatab, 6029 Gabe`s, Tunisia. 3.—LMGP, MINATEC Baˆtiment INPG, UMR 5628, CNRS/INPG, 3 Parvis Louis Ne´el, BP 257, 38016 Grenoble Cedex 1, France. 4.—e-mail: [email protected]
In this study, we investigated the structure and magnetic properties of Nd0.88MnO3 (NMO) perovskite thin-film layers by liquid-injection metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) tried on SrTiO3 (STO) (100) substrates. The structural examinations showed that the growing film was amorphous. It changed to the crystalline phase after being annealed at 900°C in air for 24 h. A minor secondary phase identified as Mn3O4 appeared. The film was subjected to in-plane (IP) tensile stress leading to a contraction of the film’s out-of-plane (OOP) lattice parameters. The orientation relationships for NMO//½100STO the film structure are described near the interface as 101 and ½010NMO//½001STO. The NMO thin film showed ferromagnetic ordering with a transition temperature TC = 85 K. The large bifurcation between ZFC and FC curves with a cusp at Tf = 53 K; and an irreversible temperature Tirr = 48 K proves that the spin-glass behavior with long-range ferromagnetic order (Mn3+-O2-Mn4+) co-exists in NMO thin films. The magnetic easy axis corresponded to the surface normal. Key words: Manganite, grown thin film, liquid-injection MOCVD, x-ray diffraction, out-of-plane texture, magnetization, spin-glass
INTRODUCTION Orthorhombic RMnO3 (o-RMnO3, R = La–Lu, Y) materials exhibit a perovskite-like structure, and have been potential research subjects due to their remarkable states resulting from the fine relationship between charge, spin, orbital, and lattice parameters.1–8 Moreover, these materials can be epitaxially grown as thin films on different substrates. They exhibit compressive or tensile strains that are attributable to the lattice mismatch among the substrate and the corresponding layer. Hence, the strain produced by epitaxial growth yields films with different transition temperatures, which may replay to different requirements for various
(Received March 28, 2020; accepted July 21, 2020)
scientific applications.9,10 The bond length mismatch is adjusted in the orthorhombic o-RMnO3 structure by rotation of the MnO6 octahedra, resulting in bending of the equatorial and azimuthal MnO-Mn bond angles h away from 180° within all three crystallographic axes. These characteristics lead to A-type antiferromagnetism (AFM) being observed below the Neel temperature TN , with ferromagnetic (FM) superexchange interactions in the planar section and AFM interaction
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