Studies on Structural and Electrical Properties of Ball-Milled NiCuZn-MgCuZn Nanocomposites Ferrites
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TRODUCTION
RECENTLY, multilayer chip inductors (MLCIs) have undergone rapid development for electronic applications. They are important components of the latest electronic products, such as cellular phones, video cameras, notebook computers, hard and floppy drives, etc., which need to have the qualities of small dimensions, light weight, and better functions.[1,2] MLCIs as the key components of electronic devices are confronting new challenges; the dominant materials for MLCIs are soft ferrite materials. MLCIs are passive surface mounting devices (SMDs) and are a widely used component in various electronic circuits that helps greatly in the miniaturization of many of the latest electronic products. Generally, NiCuZn ferrite is one of the most important magnetic materials used for MLCI applications. This is due to their electromagnetic properties such as high electrical resistivity, low sintering temperature, and high permeability.[3–9] MgCuZn ferrite is a pertinent magnetic material with a wide range of applications owing to its superior properties such as high resistivity, low magnetostriction, high permeability, fairly high Curie temperature, environmental stability, and low cost.[10–18] As the magnetostriction of MgCuZn ferrite[17] is lower than that of NiCuZn ferrite, it would N.VARALAXMI, Assistant Professor, is with the Department of Physics, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, India, and also with the Ceramic Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, S.V. Puram, Anantapur 515 003, India. Contact e-mail: [email protected] K.V. SIVAKUMAR, Retired Professor, is with the Ceramic Composite Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Krishnadevaraya University. Manuscript submitted October 25, 2012. Article published online October 26, 2013 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
show less stress sensitivity compared with that of chip inductors made from NiCuZn ferrites.[19] In previous research, we studied the magnetic properties and stress sensitivity studies of the NiCuZnMgCuZn composite ferrite, which predicts that equimolar composite ferrite exhibits high initial permeability of value (9619), and pure Mg0.25Cu0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4 under goes stress insensitivity without any doping.[20] Therefore, in the current study, an attempt is made on these ferrite composites to investigate their electrical properties, and thermoelectric effect studies were carried out with an intention of developing a ferrite composition suitable for multilayer chip inductors. The results are reported in this article. II.
EXPERIMENTAL
A. Materials and Methods Ferrite composites with ferrimagnetic phases have been prepared by employing the conventional ceramic method. The two pure ferrites viz., Ni0.35Cu0.05Zn0.6 Fe2O4 and Mg0.25Cu0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4, were prepared by using analytical-grade NiO, MgO, CuO, ZnO, and Fe2O3. These oxides were weighed and intimately mixed and then ball milled with acetone using polyethylene jars and iron balls (/ = 5 mm) for 24 hours. The slurry was dried and t
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