Surface temperature variations and their relationships with land cover in the Pearl River Delta
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Surface temperature variations and their relationships with land cover in the Pearl River Delta Mengmeng Hu 1,2 & Yafei Wang 1 & Beicheng Xia 1 & Guohe Huang 2 Received: 20 November 2019 / Accepted: 15 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The characteristics of land use/land cover (LULC) types may affect the thermal environment of urban zones. In this study, the urban zones of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) were examined to explore the spatiotemporal variations in land surface temperature (LST) from 2001 to 2017, as well as the relationships between LST and various influencing factors. Landscape pattern analysis was undertaken to explore the correlation between patch metrics and LST with resolutions from 100 m to 1 km. The results showed that (1) the high-temperature zones were mainly distributed on built-up land; the area of LST hot spots increased from 16% (2001) to 23% (2017). (2) The mean LST of each LULC type was calculated, indicating that the temperature of forestland was more than 5 °C lower than that of built-up land. (3) The landscape patterns of different land use types exhibited various effects on LST in terms of magnitude and importance. Considering the significance of the landscape indexes, it is necessary to avoid a large-scale layout of a single built-up land type when planning an urban environment. It is thus recommended that multiple contiguous forestlands be planned to mitigate urban heat island (UHI) effects. Furthermore, the landscape patterns and structure of different LULC types have various effects on LST and need to be explored in fine detail. This study helped reveal the impact of different LULC types on LST and provides urban planners in the PRD with optional schemes for mitigating the impacts of urbanization on the UHI. Keywords Remote sensing . Landscape pattern . Hotspots analysis . NDVI . Urban heat island
Introduction
Highlights • LST variations are analyzed with LULC, spectral variables and landscape indexes. • Built-up lands with high building densities aggravate the UHI. • Spectral variables exhibited a relatively strong correlation with LST. • Patch matrices exhibited fluctuating correlation values at different scales. • It is recommended to arrange multiple contiguous forestland areas to mitigate UHIs. Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Beicheng Xia [email protected] * Guohe Huang [email protected] 1
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
2
Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
Due to rapid urbanization, the quality of the urban thermal environment is deteriorating, and the urban heat island (UHI) problem has aroused widespread concern (Wang et al. 2016; Weng et al. 2004). The monitoring, evaluation, and analysis of the UHI effect have become popular topics in current urban environmental research (Yıldız et al. 2018). UHI issues are of great significance to urban
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