TaCKX gene family, at large, is associated with thousand-grain weight and plant height in common wheat
- PDF / 3,918,292 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 32 Downloads / 141 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
TaCKX gene family, at large, is associated with thousand‑grain weight and plant height in common wheat Muhammad Shoaib1,2 · Wenlong Yang1,3 · Qiangqiang Shan1,4 · Linhe Sun1,2 · Dongzhi Wang1,2 · Muhammad Sajjad1,5 · Xin Li1 · Jiazhu Sun1 · Dongcheng Liu1 · Kehui Zhan4 · Aimin Zhang1 Received: 30 November 2019 / Accepted: 3 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Key message We used SMRT sequencing and explored the haplotypes of TaCKX genes, linked with thousand-grain weight and plant height, and developed the functionally validated markers, which can be used in the marker-assisted breeding program. Abstract Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) enzymes catalyze the permanent degradation of cytokinins. Identification of the TaCKX alleles associated with yield traits and the development of functional markers is the first step in using these alleles in marker-assisted breeding program. To identify the alleles, we sequenced the genome fragments, containing TaCKX genes from 48 wheat genotypes, by PacBio® sequencing. Six out of 22 TaCKX genes were found polymorphic, forming 14 distinct haplotypes. Functional markers were developed and validated for all the polymorphic TaCKX genes. Four specific haplotypes, i.e., TaCKX2A_2, TaCKX4A_2, TaCKX5A_3, and TaCKX9A_2, were found significantly associated with high thousand-grain weight (TGW) and short plant height (PH) in Chinese wheat micro-core collection (MCC) and GWAS open population (GWAS-OP), whereas TaCKX1B_2 in GWAS-OP and TaCKX11A_3 in MCC were significantly associated with high TGW and short PH. The mean values of TGW and PH for cumulative favorable haplotypes from chromosome 3A, i.e., TaCKX2A_2, TaCKX4A_2, and TaCKX5A_3, were significantly higher as compared to the cumulative unfavored haplotypes, and the change was additive in manner. Frequency distribution analysis revealed that since the 1960s, the frequency of the favorable haplotypes and TGW has gradually increased in Chinese wheat cultivars. Expression profiling in the seed tissue excised at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after anthesis depicted that the favorable haplotypes are significantly less expressive as compared to the unfavored haplotypes. We conclude that the functional markers developed in this study can be used to select the favorable haplotypes of TaCKX genes in wheat marker-assisted breeding programs.
Communicated by Ian D Godwin. Muhammad Shoaib and Wenlong Yang have contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03661-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Introduction Wheat is a dominant cereal crop as the most important staple food, second only to rice. In 2016/2017, it was grown on 222.71 million hectares of land, producing 756 million metric tons of grain worldwide (USDA 2019). Globally,
* Wenlong Yang [email protected]
3
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
Data Loading...
