Taxonomic revision of the Long-tailed Rosefinch Carpodacus sibiricus complex
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Taxonomic revision of the Long‑tailed Rosefinch Carpodacus sibiricus complex Simin Liu1 · Chentao Wei1 · Paul J. Leader2 · Geoff J. Carey2 · Chenxi Jia3 · Yinan Fu4 · Per Alström3,5 · Yang Liu1 Received: 27 October 2019 / Revised: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 © Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2020
Abstract The Long-tailed Rosefinch Carpodacus sibiricus breeds in two widely disjunct areas in East Asia. Five subspecies are usually recognized. The plumage differences between different subspecies groups within C. sibiricus are notable, suggesting it may actually comprise more than one species. However, proper taxonomic assessment has not been carried out, probably in part due to the scarcity and lack of museum specimens of some of these subspecies. In the current study, we re-evaluated the taxonomy of the C. sibiricus complex using molecular, acoustic and morphological data. Using mitochondrial DNA, the samples formed two clades, a northern clade (C. s. sibiricus, C. s. ussuriensis and C. s. sanguinolentus) and a southern clade (C. s. henrici and C. s. lepidus). We also revealed that C. s. ussuriensis and C. s. sanguinolentus are mostly indistinguishable based on mitochondrial markers. This north/south split pattern is congruent with the pattern of plumage differences among north and south taxa. However, no diagnosable differences were found in their songs. We propose synonymizing C. s. ussuriensis with C. s. sanguinolentus. At the species level, we suggest splitting the complex into two species, with Siberian Long-tailed Rosefinch C. sibiricus comprising C. s. sibiricus and C. s. sanguinolentus, and Chinese Long-tailed Rosefinch C. lepidus comprising C. l. henrici and C. l. lepidus. Keywords Integrative taxonomy · Mitochondrial DNA · Allopatric distribution · Morphology · Acoustic analysis Zusammenfassung Taxonomische Revision des Meisengimpel Carpodacus sibiricus-Komplexes Der Meisengimpel Carpodacus sibiricus brütet in zwei weit voneinander getrennten Gebieten in Ost-Asien. Fünf Unterarten sind allgemein anerkannt. Die Gefiederunterschiede zwischen verschieden Gruppen von Unterarten sind deutlich, und es ist daher möglich, dass es sich bei C. sibiricus um mehr als eine Art handelt. Eine detaillierte taxonomische Bewertung liegt bisher jedoch nicht vor, vermutlich aufgrund der Seltenheit einiger der Unterarten und dem Mangel an entsprechenden Museumsbälgen. In dieser Studie legen wir eine taxonomische Neubewertung des C. sibiricus-Komplexes auf Basis von molekularen, akustischen und morphologischen Daten vor. Auf Basis von mitochondrialer DNA können die Proben in zwei Communicated by J. T. Lifjeld. Simin Liu and Chentao Wei: co-first authorship. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-020-01801-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yang Liu [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Gu
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