Tetracycline stress disturbs the mobilization of protein bodies in seed storage reserves during radicle elongation after
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SHORT RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION ARTICLE
Tetracycline stress disturbs the mobilization of protein bodies in seed storage reserves during radicle elongation after seed germination Yuan Luo 1,2,3 & Jie Liang 2,3
&
Guangming Zeng 2,3 & Yafei Zhang 2,3 & Wenle Xing 2,3 & Ning Tang 2,3
Received: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Residues of antibiotics in the soil can have adverse effects on crop plants related closely to humans. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the phytotoxicity of antibiotics to sensitive species. The aim of our study was mainly to reveal tetracycline stress on the mobilization of seed storage proteins, lipids, and minerals of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) during radicle elongation after germination. The Chinese cabbage seed was incubated for 48 h in tetracycline solutions at 1 and 5 μM. For the cotyledons of the seed, the result of TEM showed that tetracycline significantly hindered the mobilization of protein bodies, which was in line with the result of FTIR spectroscopy. However, the mobilization of oil bodies and mineral bodies in cotyledons was not significantly disturbed by the stress of tetracycline, as well as the energy supply in different organs including the cotyledons, hypocotyl, and radicle of the seed. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the disturbance on mobilization of protein bodies in seed storage reserves caused by the stress of tetracycline at low levels during radicle elongation after germination. Keywords Tetracycline . Phytotoxicity . Radicle elongation . Seed storage reserves . Mobilization
Introduction Veterinary antibiotics were used for prevention or treatment of animal diseases, or used in feed additives for promotion of animal growth. The extensive use of antibiotics in largescaled livestock and poultry farms and high excretion rates of animals to antibiotics make their manures high loads of antibiotics (Kuppusamy et al. 2018). In a 2013 survey, about 78,200 tons of veterinary antibiotics were consumed and accounted for 84% in total amount of antibiotics consumed Responsible Editor: Gangrong Shi * Jie Liang [email protected] * Guangming Zeng [email protected] 1
College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
2
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
3
Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
in China (Zhang et al. 2015). Animal manures, usually combining with crop residues as bulking materials, can be transformed into organic fertilizers (i.e., composts) by composting biotechnology (Li et al. 2018; Luo et al. 2018). Although most of the antibiotics and their metabolites can be effectively removed by composting at the thermophilic phase (> 55 °C), end products still contain a certain amount of antibiotic residues (Wu et al. 2011; Zhang et al. 2019). For tetracycline antibiotic, i
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