The Chinese version of Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ-C): translation, reliability, and validity
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The Chinese version of Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ-C): translation, reliability, and validity Zhulin Xue 1 & Xiaowen Ma 2 & Xiaojing Liu 1 & Xing Wang 1 & Zili Li 1 Received: 8 January 2020 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objectives The aims of this study were to describe the development of a Chinese version of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) and examine its reliability and validity. Methods The original English version of the OQLQ was translated into Chinese (OQLQ-C) by a forward-backward translation method. Psychometric evaluation of the OQLQ-C was carried out on a sample of 126 patients with dentofacial deformities. Reliability of the OQLQ-C was determined by means of internal consistency and test-retest methods, while validity was ascertained by content validity and construct validity. Results Internal consistency for total OQLQ-C score was 0.932 (Cronbach’s alpha), and the test-retest reliability was 0.913 (Spearman correlation coefficient). Content validity of OQLQ-C was supported by content validity index (CVI) with scale-level (S-CVI) of 0.99 and item-level (I-CVI) of 0.875 to 1. The OQLQ-C was distributed to 4 different factors, and the total variance explained was 67.049%. Conclusions The Chinese version of the OQLQ demonstrated acceptable reliability and good validity in patients with dentofacial deformities. Clinical relevance These findings enable assessments of oral health-related quality of life in Chinese literate patients with dentofacial disorders. Trial Registration ChiCTR1900028206 Keywords Quality of life (QoL) . Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) . Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) . Reliability . Validity
Introduction Dentofacial deformities not only affect the occlusal and functional aspects of the stomatognathic system but also impair the psychosocial and aesthetic well-being of patients, i.e., all the components of quality of life [1–3]. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines quality of life (QoL) as an individual’s perception of his/her position in life in the context of
* Zili Li [email protected] 1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards, and concerns [4]. Facial and dental aesthetics have a significant impact on personal and professional relations, especially among children and adolescents [5]. Therefore, the dentist must have a valid and reliable tool for measuring oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) that is focused on dentofacial disorders’ influences on interpersonal relationships. Many non-specific questionnaires are currently used for the purpos
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