The Encyclopedia of Public Choice

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The Editors CHARLES K. ROWLEY, Duncan Black Professor of Economics, George Mason University and General Director, The Locke Institute; and Dr. Dr. h.c.mult. FRIEDRICH SCHNEIDER, Department of Economics, The University of Linz

Advisory Board JAMES M. BUCHANAN, Buchanan House, George Mason University BERNARD GROFMAN, Department of Political Science, University of California, Irvine ARYE L. HILLMAN, Department of Economics, Bar-Ilan University MARTIN PALDAM, Department of Economics, Aarhus University WILLIAM F. SHUGHART II, Department of Economics, University of Mississippi ROBERT D. TOLLISON, Department of Economics, Clemson University DENNIS C. MUELLER, Department of Economics, University of Vienna MICHAEL C. MUNGER, Department of Political Science, Duke University PETER C. ORDESHOOK, Humanities and Social Sciences, Cal Tech GORDON TULLOCK, School of Law, George Mason University HANNELORE WECK-HANNEMANN, Institut Fur Finanzwissenschaft, Universitat Innsbruck

The Encyclopedia of Public Choice Editors

CHARLES K. ROWLEY The Locke Institute, and George Mason University

and

FRIEDRICH SCHNEIDER Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Institute of Economic Policy

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW

eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:

0-306-47828-5 0-7923-8607-8

©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow Print ©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved

No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher

Created in the United States of America

Visit Kluwer Online at: and Kluwer's eBookstore at:

http://kluweronline.com http://ebooks.kluweronline.com

We dedicate ‘The Encyclopedia of Public Choice’ to the memory of Duncan Black 23 May 1908 to 14 January 1991 The Founding Father of Public Choice

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

ESSAYS Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy Charles K. Rowley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

Public Choice: An Introduction Dennis C. Mueller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

Are Vote and Popularity Functions Economically Correct? Martin Paldam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49

Constitutional Political Economy James M. Buchanan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60

Corruption Susan Rose-Ackerman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

67

Dictatorship Ronald Wintrobe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

77

Environmental Politics Hannelore Weck-Hannemann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .