The influence of acetamiprid and deltamethrin on the mortality and behaviour of honeybees ( Apis mellifera carnica Pollm
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Apidologie * The Author(s), 2020. This article is an open access publication DOI: 10.1007/s13592-020-00792-z
The influence of acetamiprid and deltamethrin on the mortality and behaviour of honeybees (Apis mellifera carnica Pollman) in oilseed rape cultivations Daria DWORZAŃSKA1 , Graham MOORES2 , Joanna ZAMOJSKA1 , Przemysław STRAŻYŃSKI1 , Paweł WĘGOREK1 1
Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318, Poznań, Poland 2 ApresLabs Ltd, Research and Innovation Campus, Rothamsted, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK Received 4 December 2019 – Revised 10 June 2020 – Accepted 21 July 2020
Abstract – The aim of the research was to determine the influence of acetamiprid and deltamethrin on the mortality and behaviour of honeybees of the same variety, coming from the same source and estimated to be in good condition by a professional beekeeper, but in different years and under different weather conditions. Results of research conducted in field isolators in oilseed rape fields in the years 2012–2018 showed no acetamiprid influence either on the mortality or on the behaviour of honeybees. Deltamethrin activity differed from a lack of influence through causing mortality and a weaker condition of honeybee colonies to the destruction of the colony. This demonstrates the relative safety of acetamiprid to honeybees and the high risk of deltamethrin use. The differences in the bee colonies’ reaction to deltamethrin are probably caused by the high acute toxicity of this active ingredient, genetically dependent, variable metabolic capabilities of particular bee colonies, or coexistence of a variety of different stressors—mainly pathogens. Apis mellifera / Acetamiprid / Deltamethrin / Mortality / Behaviour
1. INTRODUCTION During recent years, many European countries have conducted broad research on the wellbeing, safety and health of honeybees (Apis mellifera ). It results from an apparent decrease in the pollinators’ population density in many ecosystems and from the lack of a reasonable explanation of the aetiology of the colony collapse disorder (CCD) (Vanengelsdorp et al. 2009). Since 2006, CCD has been observed among honeybees in many
Corresponding author: P. Węgorek, [email protected] Manuscript editor: Monique Gauthier
places all over the world (EFSA 2013). So far, the cause of this phenomenon has not been identified. Scientists have conducted broad-range studies which indicated a large number of factors (both biotic and abiotic, mainly physicochemical ones) influencing the condition, development and survival rate of bee colonies (Johnson 2015, Neov et al. 2019, Goulson et al. 2015). The Food and Agriculture Organization reports that there were increased amounts of pathogens and parasites found in bees with colony collapse disorder (FAO (Food Agriculture Organization), 2013).The information is supported with scientific research (Cox-Foster et al. 2007). Apart from biotic factors, the widespread use of chemical crop protection products, chiefly insecticides, is most often consider
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