Transesophageal Echocardiography in Clinical Practice
Over the last 30 years the technological advances in transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) have been exponential and have been reflected by its increasing utilization. Currently almost all echocardiography labs will undertake the modality and the vast ma
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Mark Belham
Transesophageal Echocardiography in Clinical Practice
Mark Belham Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge, UK [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-84882-620-5 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-621-2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-621-2 Springer London Dordrecht Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927705 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To Elizabeth, Alice, and Jessica
Acknowledgements
A very special thanks to Mr. Tim Eller for all his help and expertise in the preparation of this book. Thanks also to Dr. Francis Joshi and Dr. Patrick Heck for their critical appraisal of the text and Dr. Judith Babar for her assistance with cross-sectional images.
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Preface
The first transesophageal echocardiogram (TOE/TEE) was performed in 1976 (M-mode only) and there were some who doubted that it would find a place in mainstream cardiac imaging. Over the last 30 years the technological advances in TEE have been exponential and have been reflected by its increasing utilization. Currently, almost all echocardiography labs will undertake TEE and the vast majority of valve operations are performed with TEE guidance. Those readers who have been exposed to TEE and other cardiac imaging modalities will know that the spatial and temporal resolution of transesophageal echocardiography is unsurpassed and that it is relatively easy to get good images with minimal training. The same readers will also be aware that, for these reasons, there are practitioners who bypass the appropriate training and use TEE as a very blunt diagnostic tool. The fact that transesophageal echocardiography can be used by such individuals is a travesty; I believe that performing a TEE study should be considered a privilege and with that privilege comes the responsibility of learning. The purpose of this book is to give practical guidance to those undertaking training in the art of transesophageal echocardiography. It is not an exhaustive text to be u
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