Upgraded X-ray topography and microtomography beamline at the Kurchatov synchrotron radiation source
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Upgraded XRay Topography and Microtomography Beamline at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source R. A. Senina, A. S. Khlebnikova, A. E. Vyazovetskovaa, I. A. Blinova, A. O. Golubitskiia, I. V. Kazakova, A. A. Vorob’eva, A. V. Buzmakovb, V. E. Asadchikovb, V. A. Shishkovb, E. Kh. Mukhamedzhanova, and M. V. Kovalchuka, b a
National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia email: [email protected] b Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 59, Moscow, 119333 Russia Received April 27, 2012
Abstract—An upgraded Xray Topography and Microtomography (XRT–MT) station is described, the parameters of the optical schemes and detectors are given, and the experimental possibilities of the station are analyzed. Examples of tomographic reconstructions are reported which demonstrate spatial resolutions of 2.5 and 10 μm at fields of view of 2.5 and 10 mm, respectively. DOI: 10.1134/S1063774513030206
INTRODUCTION The history of Xray imaging dates to the first study by William Conrad Roentgen [1]. This direction was actively developed in the 20th century; the results were briefly reported in [2]. Significant progress has been made since the time when specialized radiation sources based on synchrotrons were put into opera tion. The Xray radiation produced by synchrotron sources is referred to as synchrotron radiation (SR). However, simple images are far from always suffi ciently informative for applied studies. Large Xray penetration depth, on the one hand, yields structural information throughout an object under study but, on the other hand, leads to the superposition of images, thus significantly hindering the interpretation of the results. This problem can be solved by passing from simple image formation to a threedimensional recon struction of the absorbing density distribution: Xray tomography. The high intensity of SR fluxes and the progress in the development of detectors and Xray optics allow one to perform tomographic studies with a resolution at a level of several micrometers and even higher (microtomography). As was indicated in [3], to increase the resolution by an order of magnitude, the irradiation dose must be increased by three orders of magnitude. Despite the significant radiative load, synchrotron microtomography is widely used in biological studies. For example, the spatial organization of the central nervous system of drosophila was visualized in [4], and preparations of the human cerebral cortex were stud ied in [5]. When the Kurchatov Center of Nano, Bio, Info, and Cognitive Technologies (NBIC Center) was orga nized and supplemented with the Kurchatov SR
source (KSRS), many internal users got access to syn chrotron stations, including the XRay Topography and Microtomography (XRT–MT) station. The prob lems related to the complex of cognitive studies, in particular, the need for nervous tissue images with cel lular resolution, were the main impetus to upgrade the station. The XRT–MT station (set u
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