Variations in Root Distribution Patterns and Cane Yield of 16 Elite Sugarcane Clones Grown Under Varied Soil Conditions
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Variations in Root Distribution Patterns and Cane Yield of 16 Elite Sugarcane Clones Grown Under Varied Soil Conditions Sawettachat Set-Tow1 • Patcharin Songsri1,2 • Nuntawoot Jongrungklang1,2
Received: 11 September 2019 / Accepted: 25 April 2020 Ó Society for Sugar Research & Promotion 2020
Abstract Response to drought of sugarcane for root traits is considered to be an important mechanism in which the crop can maintain cane yield under drought conditions. The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate root distribution patterns of sugarcane and their relationships with cane yields under rain-fed conditions. Thirteen elite sugarcane clones (KK06-501, KK07-478, NSUT08-22-313, RT2004-085, CSB06-2-15, CSB06-2-21, CSB06-4162, CSB06-5-20, TBy27-1385, TBy28-0348, MPT02-458, MPT03-166 and 91-2-527) and three check varieties (KK3, LK92-11 and Kps01-12) were planted in a randomized complete block design with four replications at two locations. Root length density (RLD) was measured via the auger method at 4, 6 and 8 months after planting (MAP) at two positions between plants and between rows. Cane yield was measured at 12 MAP. RLD in the upper soil layers was measured at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm below the soil surface, whereas RLD in the lower soil layers was measured at 40–60, 60–80 and 80–100 cm below the soil surface. Sugarcane genotypes were significantly different for RLD and cane yield in both locations, and the RLDs of the 13 sugarcane varieties grown under rain-fed conditions were classified into four patterns. The sugarcane varieties changed their root distribution patterns when evaluated at 6 and 8 MAP. KK3 was predominant and most interesting as it had consistently high yield in both locations and high
& Patcharin Songsri [email protected] 1
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
2
Northeast Thailand Cane and Sugar Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
root length density in the lower soil layers in response to drought. Keywords Auger method Root length density Drought stress Recovery Root depth Abbreviations DAP Days after planting LSD Least significant difference MAP Months after planting RLD Root length density
Introduction Sugarcane is cultivated mainly in tropical environments under rain-fed conditions primarily for the production of sugar (FAO 2016). In Thailand and most tropical regions of Southeast Asia, sugarcane is generally planted in the late rainy season. Sugarcane is germinated using stored soil moisture and minimum rainfall. The germinated plants then encounter a drought period for 2–4 months until the start of the rainy season. Yield loss by drought could be as high as 60% of its productivity (Robertson et al. 1999). Yield loss has also been associated with the reductions in germination, stalk diameter, leaf area and biomass (Jangpromma et al. 2012). The use of drought-resistant varieties represents a promising strategy for sustaining yield under drought conditions. A
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