Quality of Life in Patients Affected by Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Quality of Life (QOL) instruments are increasingly being used in multinational research and clinical practice.
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3770
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1
2.3.3 2.3.4 2.3.5 2.3.6
Main Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3771 Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3771 Multiattribute Utility Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3772 Predictors of QOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3773 Clinical Predictors (Phenotype, Disease Duration, Disability, Depression, Fatigue, Cognitive Impairment, Bladder Dysfunction, Sexual and Bowel Disturbances, Pain, Sleep Disturbances, Pathologic Findings) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3774 Socio-Demographic Predictors (Age, Gender, Employment Status, Education Level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3777 Coping and QOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3778 Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs) and QOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3778 Rehabilitation and QOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3779 Caregiver and QOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3780
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Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3781
2.3.2
Summary Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3781
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Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2010 (USA)
3770
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Quality of Life in Patients Affected by Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Quality of Life (QOL) instruments are increasingly being used in multinational research and clinical practice. More than 20 years of research have led a consensus on the definition of QOL as a multidimensional concept that detects at least four health-related domains (physical, social, psychological/emotional functions, and financial). These domains, not directly linked to > disability or impairment, are considered highly important by the patients. These assertions are particularly appropriate in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS), who are less concerned than their clinicians about physical disability in their illness. A large number of studies have demonstrated that patients with MS have poorer QOL than that of the general po
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