Quo Vadis Medical Healing Past Concepts and New Approaches

Medical healing implies knowledge of the assumptions that underlie our understanding of "health," and, concomitantly, how we define well being and its opposites, illness and disease. Today, health, health care (business, wellness, recreation), and medicin

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INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY OF ETHICS, LAW, AND THE NEW MEDICINE Founding Editors DAVID C. THOMASMA† DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Université de Montréal, Canada THOMASINE KIMBROUGH KUSHNER, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. Editor DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Université de Montréal, Canada Editorial Board TERRY CARNEY, University of Sydney, Australia MARCUS DÜWELL, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands SØREN HOLM, University of Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom GERRIT K. KIMSMA, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands DAVID NOVAK, University of Toronto, Canada EDMUND D. PELLEGRINO, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., U.S.A. DOM RENZO PEGORARO, Fondazione Lanza and University of Padua, Italy DANIEL P. SULMASY, Saint Vincent Catholic Medical Centers, New York, U.S.A. LAWRENCE TANCREDI, New York University, New York, U.S.A.

VOLUME 44 For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/6224

Susanna Elm • Stefan N. Willich Editors

Quo Vadis Medical Healing Past Concepts and New Approaches

Editors Susanna Elm University of California Berkeley, CA USA [email protected]

ISBN: 978-1-4020-8941-1

Stefan N. Willich Charité University Medical Center Berlin Germany [email protected]

e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-8942-8

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008936133 © 2009 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com

Preface

“Healing in Medicine” – the subject of this volume evolved in part as the continuation of an earlier gathering in 1999 in Berlin, when an interdisciplinary group of scholars came together to discuss some of the medical issues confronting us at the brink of the new millennium (now as Medical Challenges for the New Millennium: An Interdisciplinary Task1). Already during our earlier meeting it became clear that the question “what do we mean by medical healing” poses similarly profound challenges that are, once again, best addressed by an interdisciplinary group of scholars. At first sight the answer to the question “what do we mean by medical healing” appears to be straightforward. However, to know what “medical healing” means implies knowledge or at least some cognizance of the assumptions that underlie our understanding of “health,” and, concomitantly, how we define well-being and its opposites, illness and disease. Or to use the words with which Galen opened his The Art of Medicine: “[M]edicine is the knowledge of what is healthy, what is morbid, and what is neither; it makes no difference if one uses the term ‘diseased’ instead of morbid. … What is healthy, what is morbid and what is neither – each of these comes in three diff