Recent Advances and Future Prospects on Practical Use of Salicylic Acid
Plants are exposed to various pathogens, insects and different environmental constrains. To counteract against these stresses, plants have evolved defensive strategies. One very sophisticated strategy is to emit a variety of volatile substances from flowe
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Recent Advances and Future Prospects on Practical Use of Salicylic Acid L. P. Popova
Abstract Plants are exposed to various pathogens, insects and different environmental constrains. To counteract against these stresses, plants have evolved defensive strategies. One very sophisticated strategy is to emit a variety of volatile substances from flowers, fruits, and vegetative tissues. Volatile compounds act as a language that plants use for communication and interaction with the surrounding environment. The volatile blends emitted by plants can be manipulated by interfering with the signal transduction pathways leading to volatile emissions. The manipulation of the volatile emission of a plant using a chemical elicitor allows for the investigation of the possible effects of plant volatiles on community ecology. Many chemicals are critical for plant growth and development and play an important role in integrating various stress signals and controlling downstream stress responses by modulating gene expression machinery and regulating various transporters/pumps and biochemical reactions. Signal molecules such as salicylic acid, jasmonates and NO play key roles in the plants’ defense responses. Their defense pathways have been shown to cross-communicate, providing the plant with a regulatory potential to fine-tune the defense reaction depending on the type of attacker encountered. However, detailed understanding of the effects of these chemicals on key physiological processes that determine plant productivity in relation to stress tolerance is warranted prior to practical application. Furthermore such studies may provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms governing stress tolerance in plants and may also facilitate genetic engineering of plants to tolerate stresses. The effects of SA on plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses were found contradictionary, and the actual role of SA remains unresolved. The dual role of salicylic acid on different physiological processes will be discussed in this chapter. Another important objective of this study is to apply the potential of SA as an effective tool in increasing plant production and quality. The agricultural
L. P. Popova (&) Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: [email protected]
S. Hayat et al. (eds.), Salicylic Acid, DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6428-6_16, Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
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and ecological use of SA for improving various physiological parameters and crop yield will also be studied. Keywords Salicylic acid temic acquired resistance
Jasmonic acid Nitric oxide Plant volatiles Sys-
1 Plant Volatiles In nature, plants are part of complex communities that include herbivores, carnivores, pollinators, microbes and neighboring plants. Terrestrial plants encounter numerous environmental conditions that have the potential to injure or destroy above- and/or below-ground tissues. In addition to coping with abi
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