Recycling of Solid Waste for Biofuels and Bio-chemicals
This book presents the latest advances in and current research perspectives on the field of urban/industrial solid waste recycling for bio-energy and bio-fuel recovery. It chiefly focuses on five main thematic areas, namely bioreactor landfills coupled wi
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Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan Kirsten Heimann Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu Editors
Recycling of Solid Waste for Biofuels and Bio-chemicals
Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes Series editor Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu, SGS Hong Kong Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13340
Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan Kirsten Heimann Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu Editors
Recycling of Solid Waste for Biofuels and Bio-chemicals
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Editors Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan James Cook University Townsville, QLD Australia
Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu Environmental Services Manager-Asia SGS Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Hong Kong
Kirsten Heimann James Cook University Townsville, QLD Australia
ISSN 2345-7651 ISSN 2345-766X (electronic) Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes ISBN 978-981-10-0148-2 ISBN 978-981-10-0150-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0150-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016942490 © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd.
Preface
Global per capita solid waste generation has more than doubled over the first 15 years of this millennium and is expected to reach 2.2 billion tons per year by 2025, produced by 4.3 billion urban residents. As the human population is also forecasted to experience an unprecedented growth from currently *7 to *9 billion by 2050, the management of solid waste is becoming an increasingly pressing problem now and in near future. It is estimated that growing population will encounter food (*70 %), fuel (50 %), and freshwater (30 %) demands, resources that are already limiting in many regions of the world. Furthermore, vast ranges of chemical feedstock are also required to maintain current-day products a
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