Regional Aspects of Industry 4.0
Industry 4.0 became a globally spreading concept that fosters economic growth and provides a stable industrial environment. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of I4.0 readiness models to highlight the essential elements of successful I4
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Regional Aspects of Industry 4.0
2.1 The Dimensions of Industry 4.0 The analysis of I.40 readiness models reveal the focus areas which need to be considered within an organization in terms of a successful adaption of I4.0. Table 2.1 below represents the reviewed readiness models and their focus area to provide an outline of the topics that we will discuss. Some factors mentioned by the majority of authors, e.g. the role of people as well as employees and their relationship with emerging technologies, strategies and leadership in the case of companies or in terms of technology. Some overlaps exist between the aforementioned factors, although it is sometimes evident that less articles concern the role of governments or the intensity of innovation (however, this may apply in a different dimension). It should be noticed that these models reflect the perspective of the companies, the perspective of regional development is missing even though this has a significant effect on both companies and countries. To handle this problem we transform the internal aspects of I4.0 readiness into external conditions. This concept is formed in accordance with our vision concerning the necessary economic environment, which can be nutritious soil for I4.0. As it is shown in Tables 2.2–2.3, we categorized the elements of the readiness model according to their connection to the main fostering groups of regional development. The primary aim of our work is to determine indicators which are externally able to measure the readiness of regions. For example, we can identify innovation intensity by research activities, investments in development or cross-collaboration activities. These are measurable by different indicators described in Tables 2.2– 2.3, in terms of the density of patent applications or in the form of innovative collaborations between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 J. Abonyi et al., Are Regions Prepared for Industry 4.0?, SpringerBriefs in Entrepreneurship and Innovation, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53103-4_2
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Dennis Trotta and Patrizia Garengo
Andreas Schumacher et al.
Viharos, Z. J. et al.
G. Nick, and Ferenc Pongrácz
Andreas Schumacher et al.
Roland Berger
Authors Impuls
Name Industrie 4.0 Readiness [2] Think Act Industrie 4.0 [3] A maturity model for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises [27] How to measure Industry 4.0 readiness of cities [23] Non-comparative, Industry 4.0 Readiness Evaluation for Manufacturing Enterprises [34] Roadmapping towards industrial digitalization based on an Industry 4.0 maturity model for manufacturing enterprises [28] Assessing Industry 4.0 Maturity: An Essential Scale for SMEs [32] 2019 5
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