Regularities of Accumulation of Cs-137 and Other Radionuclides in Aquatic Vegetation in the Territory of the South-Ural
The aim of this work is to study the regularities of 137Cs and other radionuclides accumulation in the aquatic vegetation in the territory of the South-Ural biogeochemical province of anthropogenic radioactive isotopes. We compared the accumulation of 137
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act of Cesium on Plants and the Environment
Impact of Cesium on Plants and the Environment
Dharmendra K. Gupta • Clemens Walther Editors
Impact of Cesium on Plants and the Environment
Editors Dharmendra K. Gupta Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover, Germany
Clemens Walther Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover, Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-41524-6 ISBN 978-3-319-41525-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41525-3
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016951444 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland
Preface
Radioactive Cs (137Cs) is of special concern due to its high radioactivity and long half-life (30.2 years). Cesium has 40 isotopes, more than any other chemical element, with Cs-133 as the only naturally occurring and stable isotope. Testing of nuclear weapons and accidents at both military and civil nuclear facilities led to a large-scale release of radioactive Cs isotopes (Cs-134 and Cs-137) into the environment. 137Cs is a 235U fission product of high yield; 134Cs is an activation product. Cs is a very volatile element and distributes fast after release. Hence, 134Cs and 137Cs contribute a major part to the radiation dose to population and workers. The 137Cs release from the Chernobyl accident (8.5 × 1016 Bq) amounts to ca 10 % of the 137Cs released by atmospheric nuclear weapons testing (1 × 1018 Bq) in the 1960s; the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power plant added another ca 1 × 1016 Bq. The Cs+ ion is rather easily taken up by plants, animals, and humans due to its chemical similarity with K+ causing internal exposure. On the other hand, the 661 keV gamma line of its short-lived 137mBa daughter causes external r
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