Regulatory sampling of industrial hemp plant samples ( Cannabis sativa L.) using UPLC-MS/MS method for detection and qua
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(2020) 2:42
Journal of Cannabis Research
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Open Access
Regulatory sampling of industrial hemp plant samples (Cannabis sativa L.) using UPLC-MS/MS method for detection and quantification of twelve cannabinoids Erin C. Berthold1, Rui Yang2, Abhisheak Sharma1,3, Shyam H. Kamble1,3, Siva R. Kanumuri1,3, Tamara I. King1, Raluca Popa1, Joshua H. Freeman2, Zachary T. Brym4, Bonnie A. Avery1,3 and Christopher R. McCurdy1,3,5*
Abstract Background: In 2018, the Farm Bill mandated the United States Department of Agriculture to develop regulations governing the cultivation, processing, and marketing of industrial hemp. Industrial hemp is defined as Cannabis sativa L. with a total Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC) content ≤0.3%. Therefore, for hemp to become an agricultural commodity, it is important to regulate production by developing standard methods for sampling and testing of the plant material. Methods: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the quantification of twelve cannabinoids was developed. The method was applied to a regulatory sampling trial of three hemp varieties cultivated for cannabidiol (CBD) production. Two samples were taken from 28 plants with one sample being flower only while the other was a composite sample that included flowers, leaves, and stems. Results: The assay method was validated for specificity, range, repeatability, reproducibility, and recovery in accordance with all applicable standards for analytical methods. The results of the regulatory study indicated a significant decrease in the concentration of total Δ-9-THC and total CBD of 0.09% and 1.32%, respectively, between a flower only and a composite sample. Conclusions: There are many factors that may influence reported total Δ-9-THC content in industrial hemp. A robust analytical method was developed to analyze hemp samples in a trial regulatory study. The results indicate that the way hemp is sampled and analyzed may influence the legality of a crop, which could have negative economic and legal consequences. Keywords: Cannabis, Liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy, Cannabinoid assay, Hemp, Cannabidiol, Tetrahydrocannabinol
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA 3 Translational Drug Development Core, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise
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