Relationship between butyrylcholinesterase activity and lipid parameters in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Relationship between butyrylcholinesterase activity and lipid parameters in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides Iris Betzaida Molina-Pintor 1,2 & Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García 1 & Yael Yvette Bernal-Hernández 1 & Irma Martha Medina-Díaz 1 & Cyndia Azucena González-Arias 1 & Briscia Socorro Barrón-Vivanco 1 Received: 9 July 2019 / Accepted: 21 February 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OP) has been associated with the inhibition of cholinesterase enzymatic activity, such as butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Changes in BuChE activity have been associated with obesity, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and metabolic syndrome. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of pesticides on both BuChE and lipid parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipid parameters in urban sprayers and their association with BuChE activity. An analytical crosssectional study was conducted in workers exposed to pesticides. The pesticide exposures were evaluated by the measurement of urinary dialkylphosphates. BuChE activity was determined spectrophotometrically in serum, and biochemical parameters were determined at a certified laboratory. Information regarding general characteristics, lifestyle, and other aspects was obtained from a structured questionnaire. The results showed variations in glucose, cholesterol, albumin, atherogenic index, creatinine, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, and total lipids according to the level of exposure to pesticides in individuals with overweight and obesity. Furthermore, positive correlations between BuChE activity and lipid parameters were observed; these effects were associated with the body mass index. More studies are needed in human population to better elucidate the role of BuChE in lipid metabolism. Keywords Butyrylcholinesterase . Lipids . Biochemical parameters . Pesticide . Occupational exposure . Urban sprayers . Body mass index
Introduction
Highlights • Biochemical parameters vary according to the exposure degree to pesticides. • Correlations between BuChE activity and biochemical and lipid parameters were observed according to BMI. • Data suggest a relationship between BuChE activity and biochemical parameters in workers exposed to pesticides. Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Briscia Socorro Barrón-Vivanco [email protected] 1
Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Los Fresnos, 63190 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
2
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic–Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; EC 3.1.1.8) is an αglycoprotein found in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as in the majority of the tissues (Santarpia et al. 2013) with the exception of erythrocytes (Lejus et al. 1998). Its principal form is a homotetramer; each monomer contains 574 amino acids, with
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