Rice Blast Lesions: an Unexplored Phyllosphere Microhabitat for Novel Antagonistic Bacterial Species Against Magnaporthe
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PLANT MICROBE INTERACTIONS
Rice Blast Lesions: an Unexplored Phyllosphere Microhabitat for Novel Antagonistic Bacterial Species Against Magnaporthe oryzae Kuleshwar Prasad Sahu 1 & Aundy Kumar 1 R. Rathour 3 & Robin Gogoi 1
&
Asharani Patel 1 & Mukesh Kumar 1 & S. Gopalakrishnan 2 & G. Prakash 1 &
Received: 29 June 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Dark brown necrotic lesions caused by Magnaporthe oryzae on rice foliage is a contrasting microhabitat for leaf-colonizing microbiome as compared with the surrounding healthy chlorophyll-rich tissues. We explored culturable bacterial communities of blast lesions by adopting microbiological tools for isolating effective biocontrol bacterial strains against M. oryzae. 16S rRNA gene sequencing–based molecular identification revealed a total of 17 bacterial species belonging to Achromobacter (2), Comamonas (1), Curtobacterium (1), Enterobacter (1), Leclercia (2), Microbacterium (1), Pantoea (3), Sphingobacterium (1), and Stenotrophomonas (5) found colonizing the lesion. Over 50% of the bacterial isolates were able to suppress the mycelial growth of M. oryzae either by secretory or volatile metabolites. Volatiles released by Achromobacter sp., Curtobacterium luteum, Microbacterium oleivorans, Pantoea ananatis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Stenotrophomonas sp., and were found to be fungicidal while others showed fungistatic action. In planta pathogen challenged evaluation trial revealed the biocontrol potential of Stenotrophomonas sp. and Microbacterium oleivorans that showed over 60% blast severity suppression on the rice leaf. The lesion-associated bacterial isolates were found to trigger expression of defense genes such as OsCEBiP, OsCERK1, OsEDS1, and OsPAD4 indicating their capability to elicit innate defense in rice against blast disease. The investigation culminated in the identification of potential biocontrol agents for the management of rice blast disease. Keywords Rice blast . Blast lesion . Magnaporthe oryzae . Volatiles . Defense activation
Introduction Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important cereal staple of almost half of the world population. Rice production and productivity is constrained by both biotic and abiotic factors in all major Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01617-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Aundy Kumar [email protected] 1
Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
2
Division of Genetics, ICAR -Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
3
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India
rice cultivating countries. Among the biotic factors, rice blast disease caused by filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae [(Hebert) Barr] is still a challenging disease that causes a substantial reductio
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