Sand fixation property and erosion control through new cellulose-based curing agent on sandy slopes under rainfall
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sand fixation property and erosion control through new cellulose-based curing agent on sandy slopes under rainfall Jinke Yuan 1 & Changwen Ye 1,2 & Lei Luo 1 & Xiangjun Pei 1,2 & Qingwen Yang 1 & Jie Chen 1 & Bing Liao 1,2 Received: 31 August 2019 / Accepted: 9 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Erosion control materials with long-term effective, economical and environmentally friendly properties play a critical role in controlling erodible and unstable sandy slopes deformed under rainfall. In this study, a novel cellulose-based curing agent was developed and applied as a sustainable sand fixation materisal. The novel cellulose-based curing agent was a dual-polymer composite material (DPCM), which was prepared by mixing two kinds of organic polymer materials: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyacrylamide (PAM). The microstructure and composition of DPCM were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption kinetics of the curing agent on sand particles was discussed by fitting with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Water resistance and the compressive strength of the sand-fixing specimen at different curing ages were studied. Finally, the DPCM stabilization layer’s resistance to water erosion was investigated using a rainfall simulation test. The results demonstrated that the adsorption kinetic behavior of DPCM adsorbed on sand particles followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Additionally, the interaction between the DPCM and sand particles was primarily hydrogen bonding, covalent bonds, and physical adsorption. The compressive stress was in the range from 53 to 915 kPa. Sandy slopes treated by DPCM showed excellent resistance to water erosion under a rainfall intensity of 120 mm/h. Keywords Curing agent . Sandy slopes . Adsorption kinetics . Water resistance . Erosion control
Introduction Protection and sustainable use of sandy soil resources have been a worldwide issue in terms of ecological and environmental soil resources problems (Fischer-Kowalski and Swilling 2011; Luca and Ronald 2012; Michael et al. 2017). The ecological and environmental problems of sandy soil include sand erosion, pollution, desertification, and biodiversity
* Changwen Ye [email protected] * Bing Liao [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People’s Republic of China
2
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People’s Republic of China
reduction (Ganasri and Ramesh 2016; Parsons 2019). Among them, sand erosion is a common environmental problem resulting from rainfall (Yao et al. 2018). Sandy soil erosion is mainly caused by the deformation and instability of sandy soil on the slope surface. The traditional technology of slope protection ma
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