Sartre, Nietzsche and Non-Humanist Existentialism
This book argues that existentialism’s concern with human existence does not simply make it another form of humanism. Influenced by Heidegger’s 1947 ‘Letter on Humanism’, structuralist and post-structuralist critics have both argued that existentialism is
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Sartre, Nietzsche and Non-Humanist Existentialism
David Mitchell
Sartre, Nietzsche and Non-Humanist Existentialism
David Mitchell Johannesburg, South Africa
ISBN 978-3-030-43107-5 ISBN 978-3-030-43108-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43108-2 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Only in the movement of the branches, Did I see the wind
Contents
1 Introduction: Existentialism and Humanism 1 2 Nietzsche’s Non-humanist Existentialism: Perversity and Genealogy 39 3 Nietzsche’s Non-humanist Existentialism: Secondary Perversion and the Slave Revolt 73 4 Sartre, Nothingness and Perversity103 5 Sartre, Perversity and Self-Evasion129 6 Sartre, Perversity and Self-Deception153 Conclusion: Ontology and Ethics183 Index189
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Abbreviations
Nietzsche BG GM TSZ UTM WLN
Beyond Good and Evil On the Genealogy of Morality Thus Spoke Zarathustra Untimely Meditations Writings from the Late Notebooks
Sartre BN TE
Being and Nothingness Transcendence of the Ego
Heidegger LH
Letter on Humanism
Freud CD
Civilization and Its Discontents
ix
1 Introduction: Existentialism and Humanism
The statue lay in the mud of your contempt: but this precisely is its law, that its life and living beauty grow again out of contempt! —Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, ‘Of great events’ (p. 154. Hereafter referred to parenthetically in the text as TSZ)
Following its post-war heyday, the statue of existentialism was very much thrown into the mud. And there, by and large, it has remained. Once, with Marxism, domina
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