Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia Ahmed Tijani Bawah1* , Francis Agyemang Yeboah2, Salifu Nanga3, Huseini Alidu1 and Robert A. Ngala2
Abstract Background: This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. Methods: This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. Results: There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. Conclusion: Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, Visfatin
Background The main objective of the current study was to explore the association between some adipokines, lipid and preeclampsia and to elucidate the effectiveness and accuracy of these markers in the prediction of PE. PE, a pregnancyspecific syndrome [1] is the occurrence of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in women who were previously normotensive [2]. It affects 2–5% of pregnancies and is a major contributor to fetal, neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The incidence rate in Ghana is about 7% [3, 4], however a prevalence of 8.3% * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
was reported in a study at the Volt Regional Hospital, Ho [5]. Preeclampsia may develop from 20 weeks of gestation up to 6 weeks postpartum and is usually regarded as an early inception if it occurs before 34 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia shares some of the risk factors of metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance, sub
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