Silver and yttrium-doped bismuth vanadate for photoluminescent activity and boosted visible light-induced photodegradati
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Silver and yttrium-doped bismuth vanadate for photoluminescent activity and boosted visible lightinduced photodegradation O. P. Kumar1, Muhammad Naeem Ashiq2, Muhammad Ahmad3, Saima Anjum4, and Aziz ur Rehman1,* 1
Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan Institute of Chemistry, Bahaudin Zikarya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan 3 Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan 4 Government Sadiq College University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan 2
Received: 27 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 5 October 2020
Silver and ytterbium-doped bismuth vanadate (AgxYbyBiz-xyVO4) composites have been synthesized via solid state-reaction in one-step at 950 °C for 6 h in the open air atmosphere. The effect of dopants concentration on the morphology, the optical property and the dye degradation efficiency was studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–Visible spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopic analysis has revealed the presence of most irregular-shaped particles; however, some definite grain-like particles have also been seen. EDX analysis disclosed the presence of V, Bi, Ag, Yb and O in the doped materials. TGA has described the stability of doped materials at the ordinary temperature. Fourier transform infrared results of AgxYbyBiz-xyVO4 composites have indicated the formation of vanadium pentaoxide based materials and the presence of V–O bond. The calculated optical band gaps of V2O5 and composites have been recorded as 2.25, 1.56 and 1.75 eV, respectively. The Nyquist plot has demonstrated nearly straight lines for V2O5 and composites which is attributed to the higher charge transfer potential. The photoluminescence spectra of the doped materials have revealed the presence of spectral bands in the red and red to infrared regions which could be used in the optical devices. The degradation efficiency of crystal violet (CV) dye was explored under the solar-light irradiation. A remarkable dye degradation efficiency of 94.57% has been recorded for 7 mg/L of the dye solution within 120 min. Besides, the proposed dye degradation mechanism and reusability experiment was also discussed in detail. The photoluminescent study of the materials
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04620-z
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
exhibited emission bands at 1088 and 1045 nm are recorded which could be used in optical devices.
1 Introduction Recently, with rapid population growth and industrial advancement, water pollution has become an important issue [1]. The load of harmful and recalcitrant non-biodegradable pollutants such as dyes, phenols and their derivatives demand effective remediation [2–4]. As dyes are being used particularly in textile, paper, paints and leather
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