Simple and highly active strontium-based catalyst for detoxification of an organophosphorus chemical warfare agent simul
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Simple and highly active strontium‑based catalyst for detoxification of an organophosphorus chemical warfare agent simulant Johann V. Hemmer1 · Eduardo H. Wanderlind2,6 · Heitor A. G. Bazani2 · Carlos E. M. Campos3 · Theodoro M. Wagner1 · Andressa K. Emmerich4 · Jonathan R. U. Adão5 · Gizelle I. Almerindo1,5 Received: 11 August 2019 / Revised: 15 February 2020 / Accepted: 6 March 2020 © Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Química 2020
Abstract A mixture of strontium carbonate, hydroxide and oxide was prepared by thermal decomposition of SrCO3 and employed as catalyst in the decomposition of the chemical warfare agent simulant methyl paraoxon, by means of its transesterification with 1-propanol. The catalyst, which was characterized by N2 physisorption (BET method), temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, promoted rate enhancements of the order of 1 07-fold in comparison to the spontaneous propanolysis reaction, the greatest catalytic effect promoted by metal oxide-based catalysts ever reported for this reaction. Compared to the fresh catalyst, the catalyst directly stored in the reaction solvent showed similar catalytic performance. Analysis of the reaction products by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection confirmed the transesterification of the substrate leading to dimethyl n-propyl phosphate, a product structurally related to a family of trialkyl phosphate flame retardants. Keywords Strontium oxide · Alkaline strontium compounds · Methyl paraoxon · Phosphate triester · Organophosphorus · Heterogeneous catalysis · Propanolysis · Transesterification
Introduction
* Gizelle I. Almerindo [email protected] 1
Engenharia Química, Escola do Mar, Ciência e Tecnologia (EMCT), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, Santa Catarina 88302‑901, Brazil
2
Departamento de Química, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Catálise em Sistemas Moleculares e Nanoestruturados (INCT‑Catálise), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040‑900, Brazil
3
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040‑900, Brazil
4
Central de Laboratórios de Ensaios Analíticos (CLEAn), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina 88302‑901, Brazil
5
Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, Santa Catarina 88302‑202, Brazil
6
Present Address: Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083‑970, Brazil
The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) establishes that chemical warfare agents throughout the world must be declared and destroyed safely and quickly (Forman and Timperley 2019). This scenario motivates the academic community and industry to develop research on che
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