Simplified sediment yield index model incorporating parameter curve number
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Simplified sediment yield index model incorporating parameter curve number Sarita Gajbhiye & S. K. Mishra & Ashish Pandey
Received: 13 July 2013 / Accepted: 7 February 2014 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2014
Abstract Runoff sediment process modeling is highly variable and nonlinear in nature. In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop a relationship between Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) and Sedimen Yield Index (SYI) for the Narmada watersheds (Madhya Pradesh). Only area (A), delivery ratio (DR), and curve number (CN) were used as input for model development. High value of Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of (η) 98.60 and 88.19 % for Shakkar watershed and for combined watersheds, respectively, shows that the proposed simplified SYI model is found to be suitable for the study area. The resulting higher (0.98 for Shakkar and 0.88 for combined watersheds) coefficient of determination (R2) values strongly support the versatility of the derived relationship and invokes assessment of SYI from the available National Engineering Handbook (NEH-4) CN values. Thus, the prediction of SYI is important in order to adopt the suitable soil conservation measure in the study watershed for minimizing the soil erosion. Keyword Sediment Yield Index (SYI) . Curve Number . Soil Conservation Service . Prediction model . Catchment
Introduction The watershed management planning highlights the management techniques to control erosion in the catchment/watershed area. Life span of a reservoir in case of a seasonal storage S. Gajbhiye (*) : S. K. Mishra : A. Pandey Department of WRD&M, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India e-mail: [email protected] S. K. Mishra e-mail: [email protected] A. Pandey e-mail: [email protected]
dams is greatly reduced due to soil erosion in the catchment area. Soil erosion rate and river sediment yield are key factors whose estimates are essential in land and river system management aimed to achieve the environmental sustainability of human activities. Often, given the lack of direct data, estimates are made by means of prediction models to evaluate soil loss or sediment yield separately. There are a number of sediment yield/soil loss prediction models, conceptual, empirical, or physically based which can help in this task that have been successfully tested and are currently used in different parts of the world. Most conservation planning for erosion control, however, uses empirical models to estimate average annual soil loss. Investigation of such empirical models reveals that most of these sediment yield/soil loss models require input parameter in terms of spatial information of land use, vegetation cover, soil, slope, and drainage density, besides runoff and rainfall intensity (Kumar 1985; Rao and Mahabaleswara 1990). Flaxman (1971) developed a sediment yield predictive equation (SYPE) for computing actual and potential rates of sediment yield. Several empirical models based on the geomorphological parameters were developed in the past for quantifying the sedi
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