Single-step conversion of sugarcane bagasse to biofuel over Mo-supported graphene oxide nanocatalyst
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Single-step conversion of sugarcane bagasse to biofuel over Mo-supported graphene oxide nanocatalyst Ramin Khodafarin 1 & Ahmad Tavasoli 1 & Alimorad Rashidi 2 Received: 3 July 2020 / Revised: 17 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Along with the great efforts in producing clean and low-cost fuel and chemicals, in this work, novel nanocatalysts are reported for the fast pyrolysis of the bagasse. To this end, different catalyst supports were employed to load Mo oxides or sulfides through incipient wetness impregnation. The prepared nanocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction to determine the formed phases, N2 adsorption/desorption to clarify the surface properties, and SEM to observe the morphology and energy-dispersive Xray to provide the atomic mapping. A series of nanocatalysts including the Mo sulfide loaded over graphene oxide (MoS2/GrO) or porous graphene (MoS2/graphene), Mo oxide loaded over charcoal, and Co-Mo oxide loaded over MgO were studied in the fast pyrolysis of the bagasse. The results revealed that the use of catalyst decreased the bio-oil yield of the process. Interestingly, it was found the fast pyrolysis of the bagasse is dependent on the used catalysts and the fractions of bio-oil can be determined according the catalysts types. It was found that with accordance to the demanded chemicals, the catalysts can be chosen which is highly valuable in producing chemicals and each catalysts support results in a specific set of products. In general, the acetic acid was the main product without using catalyst, and by using the MoS2/GrO nanocatalyst, the phenols were formed dominantly which are of great importance in different industries. This novel work successfully revealed that the metal-based catalysts can be employed instead of the zeolites which paves the way toward using low-cost metallic catalysts in producing bio-chemicals and bio-oils. Keywords Nanocatalyst . Fast pyrolysis . Bio-oil . Bagasse . Molybdenum sulfide . Graphene
1 Introduction As well known, along with the increase in the world population, the demand for energy would be significantly increased. Moreover, the potential threats to the environment are also increased which necessitates the extensive research works on environmental protection and energy generation. Biomass is one of the issues which can lead to environmental pollution, although it can be used as an important and low-cost energy source. In various researches, it has been tried to develop novel catalysts * Ahmad Tavasoli [email protected] * Alimorad Rashidi [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Carbon Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
to convert the biomass to value-added products such as fuels which are called biofuels [1–10]. Pyrolysis of the biomass in the presence of a suitable catalyst is an attractive reaction to produce biofuels which is dependent on a
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