Soil C, N and P stocks and stoichiometry under different vegetation on the surface of the Leshan Giant Buddha
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0061-3
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Soil C, N and P stocks and stoichiometry under different vegetation on the surface of the Leshan Giant Buddha Fujia Wu1, Wanqin Yang2, Bo Sun3, Tianyu Yang4, Xuli Chen1, Zhenfeng Xu5, Huixing Song1 ,* 1 College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China 2 College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China 3 Northwest Research Institute Co., Ltd, of China Railway Engineering Corporation, Lanzhou 730000, China 4 Grottoes Research Center, Management Committee of Leshan Grand Buddha Scenic Spot, Leshan 614003, China 5 Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHICAL
ABSTRACT
• Leshan Giant Buddha is damaged seriously because of weathering and plant settlement. • Amounts of soil organic C, N and P was accumulated in the surface of the Buddha. • Soil organic C, N and P stocks under herbs are the most abundant. • Soil organic C, N and P mainly stocks in the shoulder, arm and the platform.
ARTICLE INFO Article history:
ABSTRACT
Received May 17, 2020 Revised August 13, 2020 Accepted August 24, 2020 Keywords: Rock weathering Soil organic matter Plant settlement Open-air stone carving
The accumulation of soil organic matter and nutrients is an important pathway in effectively understanding the mechanisms of plant settlement and rock weathering, while the characteristics of soil organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) under different vegetation remain unclear. In this study, the stocks and stoichiometry of soil organic C, N and P were determined in different positions and types of vegetation on the surface of the Leshan Giant Buddha. We found that the total stocks of soil organic C, N and P were 1689.77, 134.6 and 29.48 kg, respectively, for the Buddha. The stocks of soil organic C, N and P under vascular plants were higher than those under other 2 vegetation, with highest values observed under herb. Higher stocks per unit area (m ) of soil organic C, N and P were found on the left and right arms, shoulders, and two platforms. These results provide a full primary picture in understanding soil organic C, N and P accumulation and distribution on the surface of the Buddha, which could supply the fundamental data on weathering management of the Buddha and other similar open-air stone carvings. © Higher Education Press 2020
* Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Song)
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1 Introduction An open-air stone carved landscape is extremely vulnerable to plant settlement and natural rock weathering. The stocks of soil organic matter and nutrients provide the basis for vegetation development on the surface of open-air stone carvings, which can speed up the weathering process and further destroy the aesthetics of landscape (Giesen et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2014; Cuadros et al., 2018; Marler and Del Moral 2018). Moreover, the vegetation in turn promotes th
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