Soil Organic Matter and Biological Activity

It has long been recognized that soil organic matter is the key to soil fertility. As a nutrient store it gradually provides essential elements which the soil cannot retain for long in inorganic form. It buffers growing plants against sudden changes in th

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Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences Volume 16

1. J. Monteith and C. Webb, eds., Soil Water and Nitrogen in Mediterranean-type Environments. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2406-6 2. J.C. Brogan, ed., Nitrogen Losses and Surface Run-off from Landspreading of Manures. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2471-6 3. J.D. Bewley, ed., Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2472-4 4. R. Brouwer, I. Gasparikova, J. Kolek and B.C. Loughman, eds., Structure and Function of Plant Roots. 1981. ISBN 90-247-2510-0 5. Y.R. Dommergues and H.G. Diem, eds., Microbiology of Tropical Soils and Plant Productivity. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2624-7 6. G.P. Robertson, R. Herrera and T. RosswaII, eds., Nitrogen Cycling in Ecosystems of Latin America and the Caribbean. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2719-7 7. D. Atkinson et aI., eds., Tree Root Systems and their Mycorrhizas. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2821-5 8. M.R. Saric and B.C. Loughman, eds., Genetic Aspects of Plant Nutrition. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2822-3 9. J.R. Freney and J.R. Simpson, eds., Gaseous Loss of Nitrogen from Plant-Soil Systems. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2820-7 10. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Efficient Use of Fertilizers in Agriculture. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2866-5 11. J. Tinsley and J.F. Darbyshire, eds., Biological Processes and Soil Fertility. 1984. ISBN 90-247-2902-5 12. A.D.L. Akkermans, D. Baker, D. Huss-DaneII and J.D. Tjepkema, eds., Frankia Symbioses. 1984. ISBN 90-247-2967-X 13. W.S. Silver and E.C. Schroder, eds., Practical Application of Azolla for Rice Production. 1984. ISBN 90-247-3068-6 14. P.G.L. Vlek, ed., Micronutrients in Tropical Food Crop Production. 1985. ISBN 90-247-3085-6 15. T.P. Hignett, ed., Fertilizer Manual. 1985. ISBN 90-247-3122-4 16. D. Vaughan and R.E. Malcolm, eds., Soil Organic Matter and Biological Activity. 1985. ISBN 90-247-3154-2

Soil Organic Matter and Biological Activity

Edited by D. VAUGHAN and R.E. MALCOLM The Macaulay Institute jor Soil Research Aberdeen Scotland

WKAP ARCHIEf::

1985 MARTINUS NIJHOFF/DR W. JUNK PUBLISHERS a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP

DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LANCASTER

" ....

Distributors

for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LAI lRN, UK for all other countries: Kluwer ~cademic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Soil organic matter and biological activity. (Developments in plant and soil sciences ; v. 16) Includes index. 1. Humus.

psysiology.

2. Plant-soil relationships.

I. Vaughan, D.

3. Plant

II. Malcolm, R. E.

III. Series.

5592.8.566

1985

631.4'17

ISBN-13: 978-94-010-8757-5

85-5050

e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-5105-1

DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-5105-1

Copyright

© 1985 by Martinus NijhofflDr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1985 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored