Source profile and health risk assessment of PM 2.5 from coal-fired power plants in Fuxin, China
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SUSTAINABLE WATER–ENERGY–ENVIRONMENT NEXUS
Source profile and health risk assessment of PM2.5 from coal-fired power plants in Fuxin, China Xiaoliang Zhao 1 & Yunbin Liu 1 & Fangwei Han 2 & Bilal Touseef 3 & Yangxia Yue 1 & Jing Guo 1 Received: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In order to improve and establish the localized source profile of PM2.5 in Fuxin, the ashes under dust catcher were collected from four typical coal-fired power plants in Fuxin and twenty-eight components were measured. The source profile of PM2.5 in the soot of the four coal-fired power plants was established. SO42− was the most abundant component in the PM2.5 of the soot of the four coal-fired power plants, followed by Ca2+ and organic carbon (OC). The content of element components in PM2.5 smoke ranges from 5.06 to 10.97%, the content of ionic components ranges from 36.53 to 48.59%, and the total carbon content ranges from 9.43 to 11.36%. The divergence coefficient of PM2.5 source profile in Fuxin coal burning smoke is mostly similar to that of Fushun, whereas the divergence coefficient of Colorado reaches 0.65, indicating that Fuxin coal burning power plant smoke has no similarity to Colorado. The order of the geological accumulation index of Ni, Cu, V, Mn, and Cr was Cr (4.58) > Mn (4.42) > V (4.38) > Cu (4.09) > Ni (4.06), showing a heavy pollution level. The health risk assessment model recommended by the USEPA was used to assess the health risk of heavy metals in soot of coal-fired power plants, and the non-carcinogenic risk values of As for children and adults were 45.7 and 4.90, respectively. The carcinogenic risk values of Cr for adults and children were the highest, with values of 3.66 × 10−5 and 2.06 × 10−5, respectively, followed by As. Keywords Coal dust . PM2.5 . Coefficient of divergence . Enrichment factors . Health risk assessment
Introduction PM2.5 is one of the most serious pollutants, affecting urban air quality in China (Feng et al. 2018). According to the 2018 Bulletin on the State of the Ecological Environment in China, only 35.80% of the 338 prefecture-level cities meet the ambient air quality standards. At present, coal is the first fossil fuel in China’s energy structure, and particulate matter emitted by coal-fired power plants has become an important source of atmospheric PM2.5 in Chinese cities (Lu et al. 2011; Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Xiaoliang Zhao [email protected] 1
Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
2
Safety Science and Engineering Department, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
3
Department of Geography, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Qi et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2000). The PM2.5 of soot from coalfired power plants is mainly composed of heavy metal elements, water-soluble anions and cations, carbon-containing components, and other chemical components (Calvo et al. 2013). These elements and c
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