Analysis of the PM 2.5 emission inventory and source apportionment in Jilin City, Northeast of China
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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF ECOSYSTEMS
Analysis of the PM2.5 emission inventory and source apportionment in Jilin City, Northeast of China Chunsheng Fang 1,2 & Liyuan Wang 1 & Hanbo Gao 1 & Ju Wang 1,2 Received: 19 September 2019 / Accepted: 1 January 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study collected and compiled statistical data on atmospheric pollution in Jilin City, China during 2013–2014, using models and methods to calculate the source proportion of PM2.5 emitted by various sources. The statistical activity levels and emission factors of various pollution sources were found to be key parameters for obtaining the total amount of PM2.5 in the exhaust gas emitted from all types of pollution sources using an emissions model. In this study, relevant data were collected by the top-down method, and pollutant emission was calculated by the emission factor method to establish the PM2.5 pollution emission inventory of Jilin City. The source apportionment was calculated using the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model. Industrial process source and fixed combustion source are the largest sources of PM2.5 emission from all sources, respectively. Among the two calculation results, the results of pollution emission inventory are more accurate. The PM2.5 emission inventory in Jilin was established and countermeasures were proposed focused on the coordinated control of air pollution and the prevention and control of industrial dust pollution sources, as well as environmental management and impact assessment. Keywords PM2.5 . Emission inventory . Uncertainty analysis . Source apportionment . Industrial process source . Fixed combustion source
Introduction Numerous instances of continuous heavy haze pollution have occurred in most cities of China since 2013. Data indicate that approximately one quarter of the land area of China and 600 million of its citizens are affected by haze pollution. The main component of haze pollution is atmospheric PM2.5, which is directly emitted or generated by transformation of gaseous precursors such as SO2, NOx, volatile organic compounds, and NH3 (Yang 2015). Fine particulates are characterized by their very small particle size, high surface area, intense activity, harmfulness, long residence time, and transport distance in the atmosphere (Wu et al. 2008). Thus, particulates have a
Responsible editor: Gerhard Lammel * Ju Wang [email protected] 1
Environmental Science Department, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
2
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
considerable impact on human health and atmospheric environmental quality. According to findings of the State Environmental Protection Ministry of China, in 2014, only eight of the 74 cities that apply the most recent ambient air quality standards (2012) have met these standards. The proportion of cities meeting the standard of PM10 was 21.7%. In the same year, Jilin Municipal government es
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