Spad value varies with age and leaf of maize plant and its relationship with grain yield
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RESEARCH NOTE
Spad value varies with age and leaf of maize plant and its relationship with grain yield Bishnu Prasad Kandel*
Abstract Objectives: A field experiment was conducted to evaluate Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) value in different age and leaf of maize hybrid and correlating with grain yield. Ten maize hybrids were replicated thricely under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) during winter of 2018. SPAD value was measured by SPAD 502 plus meter. At 30 days interval during vegetative stage SPAD measurement were taken from T1 (top most leaf ) and T3 (2nd leaf from top leaf ) leaves of five randomly selected plants from one plot and they were averaged. For reproductive phase data taken from eo (leaf attached to ear) and e2 (2nd leaf from eo leaf ) leaves at 10 days intervals. Same leaves were used for entire data collection. Results: Significantly different SPAD value was observed for different age and leaves of maize during pre and post anthesis. SPAD value increase with increase in age and decrease at the time of maturity. During vegetative phase T3 leaves has more SPAD value than T1. During reproductive stage eo leaves had more SPAD than e2 leaves, so center leaf of maize contributes more to grain yield. Correlation showed that there is strong positive correlation between different stage of SPAD with grain yield. Keywords: Corn, Chlorophyll concentration, N concentration, SPAD etc Introduction Chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of maize is the most potent factor to trap light energy and utilize the excitation energy to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide [1] into 3-phosphoglycerate, glucose and its derivatives. Leaf chlorophyll is the principal photosynthetic biochemical which contain majority of leaf nitrogen damages the leaf chlorophyll and then subsequently lowers photosynthetic efficiency of maize [2]. Leaf SPAD observations are collinearly correlated with leaf chlorophyll content for several crops [3]. Dwyer et al. [4] stated that central leaves in the maize plants have higher N concentration before anthesis and then starts declining up to 2-week after the anthesis. Transformation equation of Dwyer et al. [4] yields higher N concentration *Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Plant Breeding, Post Graduate Program, Institute of Agriculture and Animals Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
from SPAD value as X in independent variable before anthesis than after 2-week after the anthesis. But the N concentration is highest in the central leaves when the plants cross the age of live weeks alter anthesis in comparison to pre-anthesis to fourth week of anthesis [4]. The SPAD observation obtained from it is highly and positively correlated with leaf Chlorophyll and N contents [5]. Phenotyping using chlorophyll meter Soil Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD)-502 (SPAD-502 Konica Minolta Sensing Inc., Japan) (Minolta Camera Co Ltd, 1989) gives SPAD reading to indicate index of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in thylakoid membrane in the leaf
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