Sportive removal of cadmium (II) pollutant by modified Stevia plant: kinetics and sorption studies
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sportive removal of cadmium (II) pollutant by modified Stevia plant: kinetics and sorption studies Engy Elhaddad 1 Received: 25 June 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract The current work describes the sorption potential of Stevia plant for the elimination of the cadmium (II) metal from wastewater. The sorption and kinetics studies were made to understand the way and the best conditions to reach the maximum amount for removal Cd ions by Stevia plant. Nonmodified and modified Stevia plant was used in this study. Stevia was treated with ascorbic acid and the temperature. The results presented that adsorption of the Stevia for cadmium was owing to time, temperature, sorbent dose, and pH. Outcomes presented the modified Stevia is adsorbing better Cd ions better than those nonmodified. Also, the pH of solutions influences the elimination of the heavy metals of cadmium. The maximum value of elimination achieved for cadmium ion by Stevia plant was 92% at pH 5. Many sorption isotherm models were applied. The outcomes find the rate of the sorption process of Cd (II) conformed well to the Langmuir isotherm. The equilibrium of the elimination of cadmium (II) was at maximum at 60 min. The elimination action can be explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic; the controlling step of elimination can be diffusion. In the end, the outcomes show that Stevia pant is sufficient in eliminating Cd (II) and the activated carbon synthesized with Stevia has enhanced the sorption activity. Keywords Sorption . Heavy metals removal . Activated carbon . Stevia . Controlling rate
Introduction Metals released by several industrial actions in the ecosystem are the main bases for contaminants in sediment, fish, and water (Rathnayake et al., 2017, He et al., 2018). The amounts of these compounds should be decreased to encounter any growing legislative standards and improved wherever possible. These compounds affect the metabolism of microorganisms and humans specially the nervous system and cells (Buaisha et al., 2020). There are many physicochemical methods for reducing harmful metals from water containing chemical precipitation; membrane, photocatalysis, electrochemical, and sorption are applied (Pan et al., 2016). Most of these approaches have numerous drawbacks, such as an incessant contribution of chemicals, expensive, Responsible Editor: Broder J. Merkel * Engy Elhaddad [email protected] 1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
and harmful sediment generation (Selim et al., 2018). Biosorption is the approach of metal elimination by biological substances; it is significant sorbents for metals elimination (Ge et al., 2017). This approach, developing natural substances or agricultural wastes, eliminates harmful metals from water, which is cost effective (Islam et al., 2019). The use of agriculture as sorbents is an ecologically friendly method that can assist to decrease waste (Beidokhti et al., 2019). Improving their features or enhancing their sorption capa
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