SPSS for Starters SPSS for Starters
This small book contains all statistical tests that are relevant for starters on SPSS. Each test is explained using a data example from clinical practice, including every step in SPSS and the main tables of results with an accompanying text with interpret
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Ton J. Cleophas • Aeilko H. Zwinderman
SPSS for Starters
Ton J. Cleophas Internist / Clinical Pharmacologist Department of Medicine Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht, Netherlands and European College of Pharmaceutical Medicine Lyon, France [email protected]
Aeilko H. Zwinderman Statistician, Department of Biostatistics Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands and European College of Pharmaceutical Medicine Lyon, France [email protected]
Please note that additional material for this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com
ISBN 978-90-481-9518-3 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9519-0 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9519-0 Springer Dordrecht New York Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935492 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
This small book addresses different kinds of datafiles, as commonly encountered in clinical research, and their data-analysis on SPSS Software. Some 15 years ago serious statistical analyses were conducted by specialist statisticians using mainframe computers. Nowadays, there is ready access to statistical computing using personal computers or laptops, and this practice has changed boundaries between basic statistical methods that can be conveniently carried out on a pocket calculator and more advanced statistical methods that can only be executed on a computer. Clinical researchers currently perform basic statistics without professional help from a statistician, including t-tests and chi-square tests. With help of user-friendly software the step from such basic tests to more complex tests has become smaller, and more easy to take. It is our experience as masters’ and doctorate class teachers of the European College of Pharmaceutical Medicine (EC Socrates Project Lyon France) that students are eager to master adequate command of statistical software for that purpose. However, doing so, albeit easy, still takes 20–50 steps from logging in to the final result, and all of these steps have to be learned in order for the procedures to be successful. The current book has been made intentionally small, avoiding theoretical discussions and highlighting technical details. This means that this book is unable to explain how certain steps were made and why certain conclusions were drawn. For that purpose additional study is required, and we recommend that the textbook “Statistics Applied to Clinical Trials”, Springer 2009, Dordrecht Netherlands, by the same authors, be used for that purpose, because the current text is much complementary to the
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