State-of-the-art approach to clustering protocols in VANET: a survey
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State-of-the-art approach to clustering protocols in VANET: a survey Abhay Katiyar1 • Dinesh Singh1 • Rama Shankar Yadav1
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) assists in improving road safety, traveller comfort, and intelligent transportation systems to a great extent. Dedicated short-range communications technology is specially designed for VANET to form communication among vehicles and vehicles to infrastructure. The lack of router devices in the flat vehicle-to-vehicle network structure of VANET may raise complicated issues like scalability, resource scarcity, reliability, and hidden terminal problem inside the network. The concept of vehicle clustering is introduced in VANET to improve network performance by handling all such issues. This paper provides an in-depth classification of clustering protocols in VANET based on their design objectives. Two broad categories, generalized and application dependent, are considered to review on clustering protocols in VANET. In generalized clustering protocol, cluster design aims to achieve their primary objective, i.e., the formation of a robust cluster having a long sustainable life, While in application dependent clustering protocols, cluster design aims to improve the performance of specific applications (i.e., target tracking, traffic estimation, misbehaviour detection, privacy preservation, certificate revocation, etc.) on various performance metrics. After this, the paper explores essential research contributions of each category comprehensively. Detailed analysis of existing research contributions is also provided after comparing them on many important metrics. Finally, the merits and demerits of existing protocols are also listed. Our attempt to encourage researchers of the concerned field by providing an extensive analysis of clustering in VANET. Keywords VANET Clustering Routing MAC Security Traffic
1 Introduction In the present scenario, people using cars and other private vehicles frequently for their personal and official purposes. The biggest problem of such extensive use of private vehicles is the increasing number of casualties that happen due to accidents on the road. There are several causes of such accidents [1]. Some common causes are the fault of a driver, lack of information sharing among vehicles, road
& Abhay Katiyar [email protected] Dinesh Singh [email protected] Rama Shankar Yadav [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India
conditions, weather conditions, etc. But the prime reason emerge of such accidents is the lack of information sharing among vehicles. There is needed a network that provides communication among vehicles for information sharing. To develop such type of network, researchers have been working over vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) from the last many years [2]. VANET pr
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