Substrate-borne vibrations reduced the density of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) infestations
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SPECIAL FEATURE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Behavioral Control and Pest Management Using Vibrations
Substrate‑borne vibrations reduced the density of tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) infestations on tomato, Solanum lycopersicum: an experimental assessment Ryuhei Yanagisawa1,2 · Ryuichi Suwa1,2 · Takuma Takanashi3 · Haruki Tatsuta1,2 Received: 11 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 © The Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology 2020
Abstract Managing pests with insecticides is probably the most conventional available control method. However, insecticide overuse often results in resistance and subsequent pest resurgence, and often adversely affects the ecosystem. The physical management of insect pests by utilizing substrate-borne vibrations, sounds, or both is increasingly attracting attention as an alternative, as it has modest ecosystem impacts. This method exploits vibroacoustic insect communication used for mating and the perception of approaching enemies, provoking behavioral responses in an ingenious manner. We aimed to examine whether substrate-borne vibrations effectively drive away tobacco whiteflies [Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)], which are serious agricultural pests. To do so, B. tabaci individuals were artificially introduced into greenhouses where tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were reared. A substantial reduction in the average density of B. tabaci nymphs and adults was achieved by transmitting vibrational stimuli to the plants. At the same time, no obvious reduction was found in the number of tomato plant flowers. Although the performance of the vibrational device and transmission procedures requires further improvement, the present results shed light on the potential of substrate-borne vibrations as a promising alternative for pest management. Keywords Pest management · Tobacco whiteflies · Behavioral disruption · Vibrational communication · Mechanical control
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-020-00711-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Haruki Tatsuta [email protected]‑ryukyu.ac.jp 1
Department of Agro‑Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903‑0213, Japan
2
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1‑21‑24, Kagoshima 890‑8580, Japan
3
Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8687, Japan
The tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a significant global agricultural pest that causes serious damage to vegetable and ornamental crops: directly by consuming phloem tissue and indirectly by causing sooty molds due to honeydew secretion (Mound and Halsey 1978). Whiteflies act as a vector for disease through the transmission of plant pathogenic viruses such as those in the genera Begomovirus, Crinivirus, Ipomov
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