Surfactant-assisted cerium oxide and its catalytic activity towards Fenton process for non-degradable dye
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Surfactant-assisted cerium oxide and its catalytic activity towards Fenton process for non-degradable dye Bhawana Jain 1 & Ajaya K. Singh 1
&
Ayesha Hashmi 1 & Md. Abu Bin Hasan Susan 2 & Jean-Paul Lellouche 3
Received: 30 March 2020 / Revised: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Water pollution kills nearly 2 million people and costs trillions of dollars every year, which continuously threatens the survival of both human and animal species in the world. The textile industry is considered as pollutant-releasing industries in water. In this research work, we firstly report the synthesis of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles in the range of quantum dots (QDs). Syntheses of cerium oxide nanomaterials were assisted by using three different surfactants, i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; anionic), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB; cationic), and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC; cationic); the surfactants control the growth and particle size of the prepared material. The nanomaterials were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), together with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). The particle size of such CeO2 nanoparticles ranges between 1.66 and 4.36 nm. Their catalytic role was successfully investigated in Fenton reaction for the oxidative removal of methylene blue (MB) dye. The efficiency of Fenton reaction using such CeO2 QDs has been used to highlight the importance of such nanosized catalysts for wastewater treatment. Keywords Water treatment . Cerium oxide quantum dots . Surfactants . Fenton’s process . Thiazine dye
1 Introduction Nowadays, different technologies have emerged and focused on the use of quantum dots (QDs) in the development and progress of all areas of life, which include social, industrial, and economic fields. The quantum dots are generally fabricated to synthesize and design a nanoscale system for improvements in biomedical, sensing, and bioimaging performances [1, 2]. Cerium oxide (CeO2) is a fluorite type of rare earth oxide. It finds applications as intense insulators, high refractive index materials, gas sensors, polishing materials, sunscreens, oxygen storage, and antibacterial agents and plays
* Ajaya K. Singh [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India
2
Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Department of Chemistry & Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
an important role in industry activities [3–5]. Cerium oxide is also known to be a marvelous catalyst with a low cost that provides high surface area for any catalytic reaction [6–8]. Over the past two decades, CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) ha
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