Synergetics A Workshop Proceedings of the International Workshop
This volume contains most of the invited papers presented at the International Work shop on Synergetics, Schloss E1mau, Bavaria, May 2 to.May 7, 1977. This workshop fol lowed an International Symposium on SynergetiGS at Schloss E1mau, 1972, and an Inter
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Edited by H. Haken
With 136 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 1977
Professor Dr. Hermann Haken Institut fUr Theoretische Physik der Universitiit Stuttgart PfaiTenwaldring 57/IV, D-7000 Stuttgart 80, Fed. Rep. of Germany
ISBN -13: 978-3-642-66786-2 e- ISBN -13: 978-3-642-66784-8 DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-66784-8 This work is subject to copyright. All rigbts are reserved, wbetber tbe wbole or part of the material is concerned, specifically tbose of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying macbine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of tbe German Copyright Law wbere copies are made for otber than private use, a fee is payable to tbe publisher, tbe amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisber.
© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1977 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st ed~ion 1977 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. 2153/3130-543210
Preface
This volume contains most of the invited papers presented at the International Workshop on Synergetics, Schloss E1mau, Bavaria, May 2 to.May 7, 1977. This workshop followed an International Symposium on SynergetiGS at Schloss E1mau, 1972, and an International SUl11l1erschoo1 at Erice, Sicily, 1974. Synergetics is a rather new field of interdisciplinary research which studies the self-organized behavior of systems leading to the formation of structures and functionings. Indeed the whole universe seems to be organized, with pronounced structures starting from spiral galaxies down to living cells. Furthermore, very many of the most interesting phenomena occur in systems which are far from thermal equilibrium. Synergetics in its present form focusses its attention on those phenomena where dramatic changes occur on a macroscopic scale. Here indeed Synergetics was able to reveal profound analogies between systems in different disciplines ranging from physics to sociology. This volume contains contributions from various fields but the reader will easily discover their cOl11J1on goal. Not only in the natural sciences but also in ecology, sociology, and economy, man is confronted with the problems of complex systems. The principles and analogies unearthed by Synergetics will certainly be very he1pfu~ to cope with such difficult problems. I use this opportunity to thank the Vo1kswagenwerk Foundation for its support of the project Synergetics and in particular for sponsoring the International Workshop on Synergetics. Finally, I thank my secretary, Mrs. U. Funke, for her great help in the organization of this workshop and her assistance in the preparation of these proceedings.
Stuttgart, May 1977
H. Haken
Contents
GENERAL CONCEPTS
Some Aspects of Synergetics. By H. Haken (With 14 Figures) .. ..... ......... Radiation and Entropy, Coherence and Negentropy. By A. Kastle
