Synthesis and structural properties characterization of titania/zirconia/calcium silicate nanocomposites for biomedical
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Synthesis and structural properties characterization of titania/ zirconia/calcium silicate nanocomposites for biomedical applications Waheed S. AbuShanab1 · Essam B. Moustafa2 · Mohammed A. Taha3 · Rasha A. Youness4 Received: 18 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 / Published online: 15 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Despite the great importance of nanocomposites in biomedical applications, some attractive nanocomposites such astitania/ zirconia/calcium silicate ( TiO2/ZrO2/CaSiO3) have not been studied before. In this regard, this work aimed to prepare these nanocomposites using a high-energy ball mill. Then, their powders were sintered at 1250 °C and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, XRD technique and SEM. Moreover, mechanical properties were also measured. The in vitro bioactivity of the sintered nanocomposites was evaluated by soaking them in a simulated body fluid solution and then, examined by FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the antibacterial behavior of these samples was tested against Gram− and Gram+ bacteria by shake flask method. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity was tested against bone-like cells. The results pointed out that the successive increases in CaSiO3 contents led to noticed decreases in mechanical and antibacterial properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Nevertheless, the presence of C aSiO3 was responsible for giving the sintered samples the required bioactivity and densification behaviors. Notably, all investigated samples revealed excellent biocompatibility behavior. Based on the abovementioned properties, these nanocomposites can be used in orthopaedic and dental applications. Keywords Structural properties characterization · Biomedical studies · FTIR spectroscopy · TiO2/ZrO2/CaSiO3 · Nanocomposites
1 Introduction To date, great efforts have been dedicated to replacing autologous hard tissue grafting with biomaterials for use in bone replacement purposes [1]. It is important to underline that the use of ceramics in such applications, unlike metals and polymers, often reduces subsequent osteolysis and is not subject to both corrosion and hydrolysis [2]. For these reasons, bioceramics and their composites are promising * Rasha A. Youness [email protected] 1
Marine Engineering Department, Faculty of Maritime Studies and Marine Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2
Mechanical Engineering Departments, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
3
Solid State Physics Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
4
Spectroscopy Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
materials for many biomedical applications like orthopaedics, maxillofacial surgery and dental implants [3–5]. In this sense, zirconia ( ZrO2) has been extensively used in biomedical applications due to its outstanding properties such as good corrosion resistance, significant antibacterial behavior and excellent
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