Systemic approach for integration of sustainability in evaluation of public policies for adoption of electric vehicles
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Systemic approach for integration of sustainability in evaluation of public policies for adoption of electric vehicles Esteban Lopez-Arboleda 1 & Alfonso T. Sarmiento 1 & Laura M. Cardenas 2 Received: 5 March 2020 / Revised: 18 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Within sustainable transportation systems, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is considered as a potential solution to problems such as energy security, climate change, urban-air quality, and public health. This EV-adoption process is a complex system that considers the relationships between the dimensions of sustainability, car-ownership transition to EVs, market dynamics, and the government. Several models have been designed to address this system. However, these models have only partially developed these relationships because they did not consider all the components or relationships between the elements of this process. This article proposes a systemic approach based on previous models, which integrates all the components and relationships and incorporates the analysis of sustainability into the EV-adoption process. The system structure of this EV-adoption process is presented and discussed. This approach deepens the understanding of the synergies between market dynamics and sustainability, allowing to model the system more broadly. It can thus help in the sustainable and integrated evaluation of different policy scenarios, thereby contributing to a clearer understanding of the dynamic behavior and leverage points of the system. Keywords system thinking . EV adoption . conceptual model . causal loop diagram . system structure
* Alfonso T. Sarmiento [email protected]
1
Grupo de investigación en Sistemas Logísticos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Colombia
2
Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53-108, Medellín, Colombia
Systemic Practice and Action Research
Introduction Ensuring energy security, mitigating climate change, and mitigating urban-air pollution are increasingly included in government agendas, and the transportation sector significantly contributes to these problems (McCollum et al. 2013; Erickson and Jennings 2017). One of the many actions taken by governments to address these issues is the formulation of public policies related to the diffusion and adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) (Zhang et al. 2014; Langbroek et al. 2016; Liao et al. 2017). According to Abbas and Bell (1994) and Shepherd (2014), the transportation sector is a complex and multidimensional system. They also stated that the actions taken by stakeholders to solve a problem in the system could generate difficulties elsewhere. This complexity is due to the multiple interactions between the stakeholders and the feedback loops among the system elements. Sustainable transportation considers three dimensions: economic development, environmental prese
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