Taxonomic Diversity of Bacteria and Their Filterable Forms in the Soils of Eastern Antarctica (Larsemann Hills and Bunge
- PDF / 844,426 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 7 Downloads / 209 Views
RIMENTAL ARTICLES
Taxonomic Diversity of Bacteria and Their Filterable Forms in the Soils of Eastern Antarctica (Larsemann Hills and Bunger Hills) A. G. Kudinovaa, *, M. A. Petrovaa, A. V. Dolgikhb, V. S. Soinac, L. V. Lysakc, and O. A. Maslovaa a
Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, 123182 Russia bInstitute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017 Russia c Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received March 19, 2020; revised April 25, 2020; accepted April 27, 2020
Abstract—Increasing interest in microbial communities of Arctic and Antarctic extreme environments, their taxonomic diversity, and forms and mechanisms of adaptation of inhabitants of Antarctic biotopes to extreme conditions determined the goal of the present work. Next generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragments was used to determine the taxonomic structure of microbial communities in soil samples from the Larsemann Hills and Bunger Hills. Revealed differences in the composition of predominant bacterial phyla and genera indicate that the type of the biotope developing on the soil surface and a combination of various physicochemical factors play a major role in formation of Antarctic microbial communities. High number of filterable forms of prokaryotes (FFP) was found in the communities. Analysis of the libraries of the 16S rRNA gene clones revealed that the FFP from three Larsemann Hills samples belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria. In all three samples, the dominant FFP group exhibited the highest similarity (99%) to an uncultured bacterial clone of the class Deltaproteobacteria revealed by assessment of bacterial diversity of rocks and groundwater of the Donghai County, China. The FFP capable of growth of standard nutrient media belonged to the phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Taking into account the data of high FFP number in the samples and their taxonomic composition, their significant contribution to stability of the bacterial composition of Antarctic soils may be suggested. The FFP fraction was mainly represented by bacterial dormant forms able to revert to active growth under favorable conditions. Rapid transition of a vegetative part of the population to small dormant forms under unfavorable conditions is probably one of the strategies enabling their survival in extreme environments. The FFP fraction also contained the cells belonging to novel bacterial species, probably ultramicrobacteria. Keywords: bacteria of extreme biotopes, amplicon sequencing, analysis of the 16S rRNA gene libraries DOI: 10.1134/S0026261720050136
Antarctic soils and frozen sediments are traditional focus of scientific interest not only as subjects of research into the preservation and evolution of life in such extreme habitats, but also as models for astrobiological extrapolations. Nowadays there are some intensive studies of soils and soil-like bodies at the territ
Data Loading...
