Techniques for Building Timing-Predictable Embedded Systems

This book describes state-of-the-art techniques for designing real-time computer systems. The author shows how to estimate precisely the effect of cache architecture on the execution time of a program, how to dispatch workload on multicore processors to o

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Techniques for Building TimingPredictable Embedded Systems

Techniques for Building Timing-Predictable Embedded Systems

Nan Guan

Techniques for Building Timing-Predictable Embedded Systems

123

Nan Guan Assistant Professor Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong

ISBN 978-3-319-27196-5 ISBN 978-3-319-27198-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-27198-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015959479 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www. springer.com)

To Shiqing

Preface

Embedded systems are becoming more and more ubiquitous in our daily lives. Since the embedded systems interact with the physical environment, they often have to behave within specified time limits. We call such systems real-time systems. Violating the timing constraints may lead to disastrous consequences. Therefore, it must be guaranteed that the time constraints are satisfied in all situations. This is an extremely difficult task, as the number of possible system states is overwhelmingly large or even infinite. In this book, we introduce some new methods to design and analyze real-time systems. Timing analysis of real-time systems is typically performed in a bottomup manner, starting with the system’s smallest components and then gradually up toward analyzing the system as a whole. The analysis on the program level aims to give each piece of program an upper limit of its execution time. On the component level (e.g., in a processor or a communication channel), many computation/communication tasks compete for the same platform, and the analysis should guarantee each of them obtains enough resource to process in time. On the system level, the analysis takes into account the interaction between the computation and communication a