Temperature Response of Magnetostrictive/Piezoelectric Polymer Magnetoelectric Laminates
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Temperature Response of Magnetostrictive/Piezoelectric Polymer Magnetoelectric Laminates Jon Gutiérrez 1, Andoni Lasheras 1, Jose Manuel Barandiarán 1, Jose Luis Vilas 2, María San Sebastián 2 and Luis Manuel León 2 1
Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, P. Box 644, E-48080-Bilbao, Spain 2
Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, P. Box 644, E-48080-Bilbao, Spain ABSTRACT The temperature effect on the magnetoelectric response of hybrid magnetostrictive/piezoelectric laminated composites in the range from room temperature up to 85 ºC is presented. The samples analyzed consisted of alternating, stacked, layers of a magnetostrictive amorphous metal, and a piezoelectric polymer, bonded to each other with an epoxy. The maximum magnetoelectric effect was observed when the composites were driven at their electromechanical resonance. First, we present results on the fabricability of the laminated composite sensor consisting on Vitrovac 4040® (Fe39Ni39Mo4Si6B12) as the magnetostrictive amorphous component and two different piezoelectric polymers: poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and 2,6(β-CN)APB/ODPA (poli 2,6) polyimide, a new type of high temperature piezoelectric polymer. At room temperature induced magnetoelectric voltages of 79.6 and 0.35 V/cm.Oe were measured when using PVDF and poli 2,6 polyimide respectively as the piezoelectric components. When heating, we have observed that the magnetoelectric response of the PVDF-containing device quickly decayed to about 5 V/cm.Oe, while for the poli 2,6containing one it remained almost constat. We discuss the advantage of using this new piezoelectric polymer due to its good performance at high temperatures, making these magnetoelectric laminate composites suitable for high temperature applications. INTRODUCTION The magnetoelectric effect (ME) is defined as the electrical field (or voltage) induced under the application of a magnetic field (direct ME), or vice versa, as the magnetic induction arising under the application of an electrical field (inverse ME). It was first observed nearly 50 years ago in single-[1] (Cr2O3, 20 mV/cm.Oe) and poly-crystals [2] of single-phased materials, being a weak effect observed only at low temperatures. To make the magnitude of this effect useful the known magnetoelectric materials were transformed into composite systems, both particulate and laminated ones. In order to achieve the highest induced ME voltage as possible, different structured systems as particulate composites of magnetostrictive ferrites and piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 or PZT layers (0.4 V/cm.Oe [3,4]), discs of PZT sandwiched between two discs of Terfenol-D (4.68 V/cm.Oe [5]) and new combinations with high permeability magnetostrictive materials such as iron-based Metglas alloys and PVDF piezoelectric phase were explored (238 V/cm.Oe [6]). Usually these measurements are performed at room temperature and the maximum ME effect is found at the ele
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