Terminal complement complex formation is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Terminal complement complex formation is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration Graciosa Q. Teixeira1 · Zhiyao Yong1 · Raquel M. Goncalves1,2,3,4 · Amelie Kuhn5 · Jana Riegger5 · Helena Brisby6,7 · Helena Barreto Henriksson6,7,8 · Michael Ruf9 · Andreas Nerlich10 · Uwe M. Mauer11 · Anita Ignatius1 · Rolf E. Brenner5 · Cornelia Neidlinger‑Wilke1 Received: 1 April 2020 / Revised: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose The complement system is a crucial part of innate immunity. Recent work demonstrated an unexpected contribution to tissue homeostasis and degeneration. This study investigated for the first time, in human disc tissues, the deposition profile of the complement activation product terminal complement complex (TCC), an inflammatory trigger and inducer of cell lysis, and its inhibitor CD59, and their correlation with the degree of disc degeneration (DD). Methods Disc biopsies were collected from patients diagnosed with DD (n = 39, age 63 ± 12) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS, n = 10, age 17 ± 4) and compared with discs from healthy Young (n = 11, age 7 ± 7) and Elder (n = 10, age 65 ± 15) donors. Immunohistochemical detection of TCC and CD59 in nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosus (AF) and endplate (EP) was correlated with age, Pfirrmann grade and Modic changes. Results Higher percentage of TCC+ cells was detected in the NP and EP of DD compared to Elder (P
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