The associated factors to endometrial cavity fluid and the relevant impact on the IVF-ET outcome
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RESEARCH
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The associated factors to endometrial cavity fluid and the relevant impact on the IVF-ET outcome Rong-Huan He†, Hui-Juan Gao†, Ya-Qiong Li, Xiao-Ming Zhu*
Abstract Background: Endometrial cavity fluid (ECF) is a fluid accumulation within the endometrial cavity. The significance of ECF remains unclear during the program of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The aim of the present study was to investigate the associated factors to ECF, visualized through ultrasound at the day of oocyte retrieval, and the relevant impact on the outcome of IVF-ET. Methods: From the clinical data of 1557 infertility patients for IVF-ET program, 46 ECF patients were retrospectively selected as the ECF group; and another 134 patients with a bilateral salpingectomy and without ECF, selected as the control group. The demographics and the outcome of IVF-ET were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of ECF was 2.95% (46/1557). Over half (28/46, 60.87%) of ECF patients had tubal infertility. Only 12 Of 46 ECF patients (26.09%) had visible hydrosalpinx on ultrasonography before ovarian stimulation. The cycle cancellation rate (4/46, 8.69%) of ECF group was not significantly higher than that of the control group (6/ 134, 4.48%; P > 0.05). Reasons for cycle cancellation in both groups were all the high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). No significant difference was found in clinical pregnancy rate between the patients with their ECF 0.05). No clinical pregnancy was found among those patients with their ECF equal or higher 3.5 mm in APD. Conclusions: It was tubal infertility, not hydrosalpinx, which was related to the development of ECF. Excessive ECF (equal or higher 3.5 mm in APD) at the day of oocyte retrieval would have a negative impact on the outcome of IVF-ET.
Background Endometrial cavity fluid (ECF) is a fluid accumulation within the endometrial cavity. Although the importance of endometrial thickness during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles has been documented much, the significance of ECF remains unclear [1-7]. ECF after ovarian stimulation and before embryo transfer (ET) is not a common complication in IVF, but excessive uterine fluid is detrimental to embryo implantation [1,2]. It was hypothesized that embryonal apposition may not occur when a fluid layer is overlaying the endometrium. A few studies involving low numbers of patients have been reported on the development of ECF in patients undergoing assisted reproductive techniques [1-7], some of * Correspondence: [email protected] † Contributed equally Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
them claimed that the development of ECF was related to hydrosalpinx [3,6,8,9] and some others, not[5,7]. The cycles with ECF were considered by most researchers to have low implantation and pregnancy rates as well as a high incidence of cycle cancellation [1,2,5]. In our clinical practices, we found many cases with ECF had their babie
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