The Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Composition and Morphology of Femur Cortical Bone in Wild-Type and ALDH2*2-Homozygo
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Composition and Morphology of Femur Cortical Bone in Wild‑Type and ALDH2*2‑Homozygous Mice Andrey V. Malkovskiy1,2 · Lauren D. Van Wassenhove2 · Yury Goltsev3 · Kwame Osei‑Sarfo4 · Che‑Hong Chen2 · Bradley Efron5 · Lorraine J. Gudas4 · Daria Mochly‑Rosen2 · Jayakumar Rajadas1 Received: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract ALDH2 inactivating mutation (ALDH2*2) is the most abundant mutation leading to bone morphological aberration. Osteoporosis has long been associated with changes in bone biomaterial in elderly populations. Such changes can be exacerbated with elevated ethanol consumption and in subjects with impaired ethanol metabolism, such as carriers of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)-deficient gene, ALDH2*2. So far, little is known about bone compositional changes besides a decrease in mineralization. Raman spectroscopic imaging has been utilized to study the changes in overall composition of C57BL/6 female femur bone sections, as well as in compound spatial distribution. Raman maps of bone sections were analyzed using multilinear regression with these four isolated components, resulting in maps of their relative distribution. A 15-week treatment of both wild-type (WT) and ALDH2*2/*2 mice with 20% ethanol in the drinking water resulted in a significantly lower mineral content (p 0.4). Highly localized islets of elongated adipose tissue were observed on most maps. Elevated fat content was found in ALDH2*2 knock-in mice consuming ethanol (p
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