The efficiency of pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) peel ethanolic extract in attenuating the vancomycin-triggered liver a
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
The efficiency of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel ethanolic extract in attenuating the vancomycin-triggered liver and kidney tissues injury in rats Khlood M. El Bohi 1 & Sabry M. Abdel-Motal 2 & Samah R. Khalil 1 Mohamed M. M. Metwally 3 & Walaa M. ELhady 1
&
Mayar Mahmoud Abd-Elaal 2 &
Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study evaluated the potential of Punica granatum peel ethanol extract (PPEE) in attenuating the liver and kidney tissue injury induced by vancomycin (VM) treatment in rats. Fifty rats were distributed equally into five groups: control group, PPEEadministered group (100 mg/kg BW/day for 2 weeks; orally), VM-treated group (443.6 mg/kg BW, every alternate day for 2 weeks; intraperitoneally), pre-treated group, and concomitant-treated group. The biochemical response and the histopathology of the hepatic and renal tissue of the treated animals were assessed. The results showed that VM treatment induced substantial hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, evidenced by a significant elevation in tissue injury and lipid oxidative (malondialdehyde) and inflammatory response (C-reactive protein) biomarkers, with lowered antioxidants and protein levels. Additionally, VM treatment induced various morphological, cytotoxic, vascular, and inflammatory perturbations as well as upregulation in the immuneexpression of Caspase-3 and downregulation of BCL-2. Moreover, PPEE co-treatment was found to reduce the VM-induced toxicity by protecting the tissue against reactive oxygen species (ROS)–mediated oxidative damage, and inflammation as well as hinder the apoptotic cell death by modulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Thus, we conclude that the PPEE administration showed more restoring efficacy when administered prior to VM medication. Keywords Punica granatum . Vancomycin . Caspase-3 . BCL-2 . C-reactive protein . Rat
Abbreviations DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay ALT Alanine aminotransferase ALP Alkaline phosphatase AST Aspartate aminotransferase CAT Catalase Responsible Editor: Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim * Samah R. Khalil [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
2
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
3
Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
CRP ECM GAE GC–MS LD50 MDA NIST NF-κB PUFA PPEE ROS GSH RT SOD TPC TGF-β1 VM
C-reactive protein Extracellular matrix breakdown Gallic acid equivalent Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry Median lethal dose Malondialdehyde National Institute of Standards and Technology Nuclear Factor-kappa Polyunsaturated fatty acids Punica granatum peel ethanol extract Reactive oxygen species Reduced glutathione Retention time Superoxide dismutase Total phenolic compounds Transforming growth factor β1 Vancomycin
Environ Sci Pollu
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